menopause and premature ovarian insufficency Flashcards
at birth all primoidal oocytes are
primoidal
primoidal oocytes arrested when
prophase 1 meiosis
how is secondary oocyte formed
meiosis 1
meiosis 2 completes when
egg is fertilized
how is trioploidy extruded
second polar body extruded after meiosis 2
stages of ovarian cycle
follicullar
ovulatory
luteal
stage of uterine cycle
menstration
proliferative
secretary phase
men gamete difference
no gamete exhaustion
no sudden fall in fertility
menopause is
last menstrual period
menopause measured how
no periods for a year
how to diagnose menopause
perimenopause vasomotor symptoms and irregular bleeding
diagnosis harder in women taking hormone meds
menopause what happens
due to limited oocytes
less oocyte less estrogen
fsh increase
menopause leads to
anoulutory cycles
physical changes
psycological changes
menopause technical term
hypoestrogenism
hypoestrogenism symptoms
hot flush headaches palpitations cramps urogenital symptoms mood change libido down
average age
52
women spend what% of their life in menopause
1/3
longterm consequence
osteoporosis
cardiovascular disease
vaginal dryness\atrophy
alzheirs
treatment options
oestrogen
prodesterone
testosterone
benefit of hormonal treatment
protect bones
aleiviate symptomsreduces risk colorectal cancer
protect cvd
risk of hormonal treatment
breast cancer
endometrial cancer
2 types hormonal treatment
oral (implant/local)
transdermal
premature ovarian insufficiency is
premature menopause
premature ovarian failure
diagnosis for premature ovarian insufficiency
amenorrhoea 4 months
FSH >30 U/L on 2 occasions
incidence i under 40s
1%
incidence i under 30s
0.1%
incidence i under 20
0.01”%
is POI and early menopause the same thing
NO
treatment POI
hormone replacement
fertility treatmetn
psycological
what % POI cause identified
70%
what% POI is familal
30
What repeat is responisble
55-200 cggg repeat
heritable?
highly
environmental
1-2 year effect max
where genes
mitochondria codes for 37 genes including POI
