Normal Birth And The Puerperium Flashcards
Normal birth features
Spontaneous
Low risk throughout
Vertex position
37-42 weeks of preg completed
Stages of pregnancy listed
Passive first stage/ early labour
Active first stage
Transition to 2nd stage
Second stage
Active second stage
Third stage
Early/first stage signified by?
Painful contraction
Dilatation of cervix up to 4cm
Active first stage labour
Regular painful contractions
Dilation over 4cm
0.5 cm dilation every hour is normal
Non pharmacological pain relief in labour
Breathing/relaxation
Massage
Water
Pharmacological pain relief in labour
Entonox
Opioids
Transition to second stage
Uncontrollable urge to push
Holding breathe or grunt during contractions
Sweat
Sleepy/focussed
Anus can fall out
Onset of active labour is
Hard to recognise
Second stage (passive)
Full dilation of cervix
“Rest and be thankful stage”
Varies in length - usually 1 hour
Active second stage
Baby visible
Expulsive contractions with full dilation of cervix
Third stage of labour
Placental separation
After couple minutes cord stops pulsating
Women feel urge to push after this
Blood distribution in third stage of pregnancy
1/3 in cord or placenta
2/3 in baby
Active management of third stage preg
Routine use of uteronic drugs
Deffered clamping of the cord
Controlled cord traction after signs of separation placenta
What decides how easy or hard it is to give birth
87% women say physical environment
Interventions during labour are lower in
Non obstetric unit type settings
