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Women's Health > Menopause > Flashcards

Menopause Flashcards

1
Q

cessation of menses for 12 consecutive months…

A

menopause

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2
Q

patient presents with

  • irregular menses
  • hot flashes/night sweats
  • vaginal dryness
  • change to lipids, bone density
A

perimenopause

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3
Q

FSH > 25 is suggestive of…

A

perimenopause

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4
Q

perimenopause onset is ___ years before final menstrual period

A

4

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5
Q

Menopause before ___yo is abnormal

A

40

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6
Q

FSH > ____ is found in most post-menopausal women

A

70

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7
Q

Pt. presents with:

  • vaginal dryness
  • osteoporosis
  • CV dz
  • Dementia
  • Mood sxs
A

postmenopause

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8
Q

untreated, hotflashes/vasomotor sxs end within how many years of onset?

A

4-5

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9
Q

straw staging is used for…

A

menopause tracking

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10
Q

The below can help with what sxs of menopause?

HRT (Most effective)
SSRIs/SNRIs
clonidine
Gabapentin

A

vasomotor sxs

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11
Q

Estrogen only HRT can be sued for…

A

hysterectomy

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12
Q

women with an intact uterus can have what HRT

A

combo estrogen/progestin

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13
Q

women with intact uterus should not use ____ because of the below

endometrial hyperplasia
risk of adenocarcinoma

A

estrogen only HRT

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14
Q

describe the dosing of HRT

A

lowest effective dose, shortest duration

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15
Q

Combined HRT confers increased risk for…

A

VTE and Breast CA

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16
Q

estrogen only HRT confers increased risk of ___ only

A

VTE

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17
Q

combined HRT decreases risk of…

A

fracture, colon Ca

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18
Q

the below are C/I for:

  • Breast cancer
  • Coronary Heart Disease
  • Previous venous thromboembolic event or stroke
  • Active liver disease
  • unexplained vaginal bleeding
  • high-risk endometrial cancer
  • transient ischemic attack
A

HRT

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19
Q

is progestin only therapy recommended? why?

A

no, risk of CA

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20
Q

Testosterone can help with what for post-menopausal women

A

sexual function

21
Q

This is the term to describe atrophic sxs from estrogen loss during menopause

A

genitourinary syndrome of menopause

22
Q

Patient presents with:

  • vaginal drying
  • vaginal pruritis
  • dyspareunia
  • sexual dysfunction
A

vulvovaginal atrophy

23
Q

genitourinary syndrome of menopause can present with what two GU sxs?

A

frequency, recurrent bladder infx

24
Q

what is local estrogen therapy useful in treating?

A

vulvovaginal atrophy

25
Q

The below are risk factors for?

"ACCESS"
Alcohol use
CS use
Calcium low
Estrogen low
Smoking
Sedentary lifestyle
A

osteoporosis

26
Q

Two methods of dx for osteoporosis…

A

DXA scan

Fragility fx

27
Q

Fx at spine, hip, wrist, humerus, rib or pelvis from standing height or less is suggestive of…

A

osteoporosis

28
Q

DEXA scan gives you a ____ score which is the number of SD above or below the mean BMD for sex-matched young normal controls

A

T score

29
Q

T score of ____ indicates osteoporosis

A

-2.5 or less

30
Q

t score of ______ indicates osteopenia

A

-1 to -2.5

31
Q

when should osteoporosis screening occur for normally healthy women?

A

65

32
Q

Post menopausal women with the below are considered for____

• Postmenopausal women with a history of hip or vertebral fracture
• Women with a T score ≤ -2.5
• High-risk postmenopausal women with T scores between -1.0 and -
2.5 (based off of FRAX score)

A

Bisphosphonate tx

33
Q

2nd line tx for osteoporosis

A

SERMs (raloxifene)

34
Q

normal BMD can have repeat scan on what time frame?

A

5-15 years

35
Q

T score -1.5 to -1.99 should be re-screened when?

A

5 years

36
Q

T score -2 to -2.49 should be rescreened when?

A

1 year

37
Q

if on osteoporosis tx, how often should screening occur?

A

repeat 1-2 years, and every 2 years after

38
Q

uterovaginal and vaginal vault are what type of pelvic organ prolapse?

A

apical

39
Q

cystocele is what type of pelvic organ prolapse?

A

anterior compartment

40
Q

rectocele is what type of pelvic organ prolapse?

A

posterior compartment

41
Q

A patient presents with:

  • Heaviness
  • Pressure
  • Discomfort
  • Urinary Symptoms (Incontinence vs retention)
  • Defecatory Symptoms (with posterior defects)
  • Splinting
  • Pain and irritation
A

pelvic organ prolapse

42
Q

two methods of conservative management of pelvic organ prolapse

A

pessary devices

kegel exercises

43
Q

a patient who is symptomatic or failed conservative tx

A

surgery

44
Q

The below are disadvantages of:

  • Odor
  • Discharge
  • Vaginal ulcerations
  • Must remove for coitus
A

pessaries

45
Q

Surgical tx of pelvic organ prolapse that provides apical support

A

sacrospinous fixation

46
Q

this is the attachment of the vagina/cervix to the anterior longitudinal ligament of the sacrum

A

sacrocolpopexy

47
Q

plication to vaginal tissue to the midline to reduce bulging bladder

A

anterior repair

48
Q

plication to vaginal tissue to midline to reduce bulging rectum

A

posterio repair

49
Q

most POP is not urgent, unless… (2)

A

urinary retention

obstructive neuropathy

Women's Health (10 decks)

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