MENINGITIS

Question 1

Csf analysis

Answer 1

Question 2

Csf analysis 2

Answer 2

Question 3

Signs of meningeal irritation

Answer 3

Neck rigidity
Kernigs sign
Brudinski sign

Question 4

Pathology of TBM

Answer 4

Tubercles in meniges and surface of brain
Baal meningeal exudates
Ventricles dilated
Hydrocephalus I’d common in children
Fibrosis
Compression of cranial nerves

Question 5

Clinical features of TBM

Answer 5

Features of raised ICP-
convulsions
Cranial nerve palsy
Loss of vision

Hemiplegia
Facial nerve palsy
Occulomotor palsy
Pyramidal signs

Question 6

Complications of Meningitis 🌟 HACTIVE

Answer 6

Hydrocephalus
Abscess
Cerebritis / cranial nerve lesion
Thrombosis
ICP RAISISED / infarct
Vasculopathy / ventriculitis
Empyema , hygroma

Question 7

MGT of TBM

Answer 7

ATT
STEROIDS
SURGERY - if hydrocephalus/ tuberculoma/ abscess

Question 8

Csf location

Answer 8

Between arachnoid and piamataer
In subarachnoid space

Question 9

Normal csf volume

Answer 9

90-150 ml

Question 10

Lumbar puncture site

Answer 10

Between L3 L4 vertebrae
3 Rd lumbar space

Question 11

Contraindication of Lumbar puncture

Answer 11

Raised intracranial tension
Local skin lesion
Bony deformity
Coagulopathy

Question 12

Complications of LUMBAR PUNCTURE

Answer 12

Post spinal headache ( mcc)
Herniation of brain
Hematoma formation
Infection local or systemic through needle

Question 13

Therapeutic indications of LUMBAR PUNCTURE

Answer 13

Spinal anesthesia
Epidural anaesthesia
Injection intrathecal for drugs
Csf drainage for normal tension hydrocephalus

Question 14

Diagnostic indications of LUMBAR PUNCTURE

Answer 14

Infection
Subarachnoid hemorrhage
Maliganacy
Demyelinating disorder
GBS
Spinal canal blockage
Injecting radioopaque dye for myelography

Question 15

Normal csf findings

Answer 15

Question 16

Xanthochromasia in CSF

Answer 16

Yellowish csf
CAUSES-
old SAH
csf jaundice
Froins syndrome

Question 17

Causes of elevated Csf protein

Answer 17

Question 18

MCC in neonatal period

Answer 18

Ecoli > listeria >strep

Question 19

MCC in infants beyond 1 month

Answer 19

Hemophilus influenza> neisseria

Question 20

MCC in adults and adolescents

Answer 20

Neisseria ( meningococcus)

Question 21

MCC in Extremes of life

Answer 21

Strep > listeria

Question 22

MCC of community acquired meningitis

Answer 22

Streptococcal>meningococcus

Question 23

Classic triad of meningitis ( c/f )

Answer 23

Fever
Headache
Nuchal rigidity

Question 24

Waterhouse friedrichson syndrome

Answer 24

Complication of bacterial meningitis

Question 25

Empirical therapy for bacterial meningitis

Answer 25

3/4th gen cephalosporin ( çefotaxime, ceftriaxone , cefepime )
+
Vancomycin
+
Acyclovir ( HSV is a D/D)
+
Doxycycline ( tick is a D/D)

Question 26

MGT of raised ICP-

Answer 26

elevation of head end by 30-45 degree
Hyperventilation
Mannitol

Question 27

Treatment of bacterial meningitis

Answer 27

Empirical therapy
Specific microbial therapy
Adjunctive therapy
MGT of ICT

Question 28

Specific antimicrobial therapy for streptococcal / neisserial meningitis

Answer 28

Question 29

MC viral cause of aspetic meningitis

Answer 29

Enterovirus ( coxsackie
Echovirus , enterovirus )
HSV 2
MUMPS

Question 30

Mollartes meningitis

Answer 30

Recurrent self limiting meningitis
Large typical monocytes ( mollartes cells )
MCC - HSV 2