Mendelian Genetics Flashcards
Father of Genetics
Gregor Mendel
Laws of inheritance
Law of Dominance
Law of Segregation
Law of Independent Assortment
How many features were observed in Pisum sativum
7
Seven pairs of contrasting traits observed in Pisum sativum
Seed shape
= round/wrinkled
Seed color
= yellow/green
Pod shape
= full constricted
Pod color
= green yellow
Flower color
= violet/white
Flower position
= axial/terminal
Stem height
= tall/dwarf
Made by mating true-breeding individuals from 2 patent stations, each exhibiting one of the two contrasting forms of the character under study
Monohybrib cross
Mendel’s first 3 postulates
- Unit factors in pairs
- Dominance/recessiveness
- Segregation
How many phenotypes does 3 genotypes yield
2
Why Pisum sativum?
- EASY TO GROW AND HYBRIDIZE ARTIFICIALLY
- SELF-FERTILIZING IN NATURE
- EASY TO CROSS-BREED EXPERIMENTALLY
- SEVEN VISIBLE FEATURES
Cross involving 2 pairs of contrasting traits
Dihybrid cross
Mendel’s fourth postulate
Independent assortment
Reveals how one trait is transmitted from generation to generation
Made by mating true-breeding individuals from two parent strains, each exhibiting one of the two contrasting forms of the character under study
MONOHYBRID CROSS
Called Test Cross because the offspring have SAME genotype as parents
Monohybrid cross
Organism expressing the dominant phenotype but having an unknown genotype is crossed with a known homozygous recessive individual
Test cross
Cross involving two pairs of contrasting traits
DIHYBRID CROSS
discovered to have the ability to move from place to place in the genome of certain organisms
transposable elements
