mendel and genes Flashcards
define chromosomes
really long molecules of DNA
define DNA
- determines what proteins the cell produces
- found in the nucleus
- contains all the information to put an organism together
what is a gene ?
- a section of DNA
- tells cells in what order to put the amino acids together
what is DNA fingerprinting
a way of cutting up a persons DNA into sections and then separating them. everyones fingerprint has a unique pattern so you can tell people apart
what is DNA fingerprinting used in?
forensic science and paternity testing
what did Mendel do?
genetic experiments with pea plants. noticed how characteristics in plants were passed on from one generation to the next
what did Mendel conclude ?
- characteristics in plants are determined by genes
- genes are passed on from both parents
- Genoese can be dominant or recessive
polydactyly
having an additional finger or toe
homozygous
if an organism has two alleles for a particular gene the same
heterozygous
if an organism has two alleles for a particular gene that are different
dominant allele
the allele for the characteristic that’s shown
for an organism to display a recessive characteristic …
both its alleles must be recessive
