memostat

Question 1

noscitur a sociis

Answer 1

according to the maxim noscitur a sociis, the correct construction of a word or phrase susceptible of various meanings may be made clear and specific by considering the company of words in which it is found or with which it is associated.

Question 2

expressio unius est exclusio alterius

Answer 2

Where a statute, by its terms, is expressly limited to certain matters,it may not, by interpretation or construction, be extended to others.

Question 3

ejusdem generis

Answer 3

Under the rule of construction known as ejusdem generis, where general words follow the enumeration of particular classes of persons or things, the general words will be construed as applicable only to persons or things of the same general nature or class as those enumerated

Question 4

Prospective / Retroactive

Answer 4

It is a rule of statutory construction that all statutes are to be construed as having only a prospective operation unless the purpose and intention of the Legislature to give them a retrospective effect is expressly declared or is necessarily implied from the language used. In every case of doubt, the doubt must be resolved against the retrospective effect.

Question 5

Article 22 of the Revised Penal Code

Answer 5

Penal laws which are favorable to the accused are given retroactive effect.This principle is embodied in Article 22 of the Revised Penal Code, which provides: