Memory using it not losing it Flashcards
Godden and baddeley, what year
about memory cues. 1975. divers did free recall of list of words learnt either underwater or on beach. when recall was in same location as being learnt diver did better
what is transfer appropriate processing (TAP)
memory performance can be boosted by how its intially encoded and how its retrieved e.g. contextual cueing
Morris, what year
1977, semantically and rhyme encoded words/sentences are remembered better
what is context cueing/reinstatement
reinstating part of a memory can help bring back the rest of it e.g. same location, same mood, chewing gum
different types of recall
free recall, cued recall, recognition
Smith & Mazano, what year.
2010, when doing written free recall results were improved by scene cues at the test
content addressable memory
if its similar to something we’ve seen before then we may use it as a cue to retrieve the rest of the data§
complementary learning system models
episodic memory representations are stored in context and a partial cue triggers pattern completion by the hippocampus
what is a memory trace
a physical change in the brain that occurs when a new memory is formed. context is also stored in memory trace
whats different about encoding and retrieval
they’re INTERDEPENDENT. encoding is the learning and retrieval is extracting it from ur brain
Polyn, what year
2005, used FMRI to study brain activity patterns and an algorithm that could tell what pps were remembering. different types of events had unique patterns of brain activity.
what is episodic retrieval
triggered by a cue, hippocampus then initiates recollection in response to cue, whilst this happens the prefrontal cortex is involved to strategically organise and monitor.
what is testing effect. the study
LTM is increased when some of learning period is devoted to retrieving info from memory rather then just re reading info. Roediger and Karpicke 2006. 52% forgot in repeated study condition only 10% in repeated recall test condition
what is the semantic elaboration of the Roediger and Karpicke study
testing enriches semantic representations of a memory. as when we learn something additional associations to that original memory are formed allowing for alternative retrieval routes.
Wing, what year.
2013, Fmri on memory encoding during test vs the intital test. found that hippocampus temporal ‘semantic’ regions only activated during testing
