Memory - Types of LTM Flashcards
What are the 4 types of LTM?
Procedural (knowing how) - implicit (unconscious)
Declarative (knowing that) - implicit
Semantic (general knowledge) - explicit (conscious)
Episodic (personal recollections) - explicit
Who investigated the duration of LTM?
What did he do?
What did he find?
Bahrick et al (1975)
Tested US graduates - showed them high school yearbook and asked them to identify people
Ppts given a lot of names and had to match this to their photo
In some cases, graduates were going back 47 years to their graduation
90 % accuracy for remembering faces + names 34 years after graduation
Declined after 47 years, particularly for faces
Evaluate study into duration of LTM
✅High in ecological validity - looking at old photos and trying to recall names is a normal task may people do
⛔️Some people may have had poor recall as they never knew the names of the people in the yearbook - possibly less social
⛔️Unclear whether drop off in accuracy at 47 is due to limits of duration or a vernal recline with memory as we become older
