Memory - MUT Flashcards
MSM - Does this case study support the mulit store model? (4)
- Yes as the MSM suggests there are separate stores in the LTM and the STM
- Peters STM was damaged and LTM was not.
- We can tell his STM was damaged as he has a capacity of 2 items and the normal capacity is 7+/- 2 item
- This supports that LTM and STM have different stores, because one is damaged and the other is not
what does the multi store model show about short term memory? (4)
duration = 18-30 seconds
capacity = 7 +/-2 items
coding = acoustic
Information can be kept in the STM by maintenance rehearsal
Describe and evaluate the working memory model of memory (16) - essay plan: 4 AO1 paragraphs and 4 evaluation paragraphs
AO1: the central executive
the phonological loop
the visuo-spatial sketchpad
the episodic buffer
(+)supported by research from baddeley et al
(+)supported by the real life case study of KF
(-) difficult to study
(-) Fails to take listening to music into account
AO1: The central executive
-organiser of the STM
-It attends all incoming information and then decides what info to send to the different slave systems
- limited capacity (only deals with one piece of info at a time
- codes info in all sensory forms
AO1: The phonological loop
- deals with auditory info (coding acoustic)
- active during verbal tasks
- ## sub divided into: phonological store (stores the words you hear) and the articulatory loop (which allows maintenance rehearsal)
AO1: The visuo-spatial sketchpad
- stores/manipulates visual and spatial info
- deals with what item look like and the physical relationship between them
- involved in pattern recognition and perception movement
- active during visual tasks
-limited capacity of about 3/4 objects - subdivided into: the visual cache (stores visual data) and the inner scribe (records the arrangement of objects in the visual field)
AO1: The episodic buffer
- limited capacity
- processes info that requires two different senses at the same time
-Recalls info from the LTM and integrates it into the components of STM when working memory requires it
(+) supported by research from Baddeley et al
- +=supported by research using dual task technique
- found ppts could successfully track a spot of light and complete a verbal task at the same time (using VSS & PL). However ppts were less successful when asked to track the spot of light and describe the letter F (both use VSS)
- supports claim that STM i not unitary, but instead consists of different components that have limited capacity.
(+) WMM supported by real life study of KF
-KF suffered brain damage after a stroke following a motorbike accident that affected his STM
-had poor STM ability for auditory info but could process visual info normally. E.g. his immediate recall of letters and digits was better when he read them (visual) than when they were read to him (acoustic). suggest the pomological loop had been damaged but his VSS was intact.
- supports the existence of separate visual and acoustic stores as the model suggests.
(-) STM is difficult to study
- due to limited duration (up to 30 seconds) might not be possible to do an experiment quick enough to test its working
- tasks would also have low ecological validity not usual tasks
- evidence for STM might not be valid
(-) Fails to take listening for music account
- model suggests that listening to instrumental music should impair performance on their acoustic tasks e.g. speaking, yet this doesn’t seem to be the case
- (-) as the current model is not complete and fully developed.
