Memory - Multi Store Model Of Memory

Question 1

Who proposed the multi store model of memory?

Answer 1

Atkinson & Shiffrin

Question 2

What is the multi store model of memory?

Answer 2

A representation of how memory works in terms of 3 stores: the sensory register, STM & LTM

Question 3

What is the sensory register?

Answer 3

A store for all 5 senses

Question 4

What are the 2 main stores in the sensory register & what are they for?

Answer 4

Iconic - visual information
Echoic - auditory information

Question 5

What is the duration of the sensory register?

Answer 5

Brief - 0.2 seconds

Question 6

What is the capacity of the sensory register?

Answer 6

Large

Question 7

What must be payed for information to be passed into STM?

Answer 7

Attention

Question 8

What are the 4 main assumptions of the MSM?

Answer 8

STM & LTM are separate
Information travels in a linear fashion (travels through STM back & forth)
Prolonged maintenance rehearsal only way information can be transferred to LTM
STM & LTM unitary stores

Question 9

What is the research support for the STM & LTM being separate?

Answer 9

Baddeley - found we tend to mix up words that are acoustically similar (STM( & words that are semantically similar (LTM)
Clearly shows coding is different so they stores are different & independent

Question 10

What was the research that supports the idea that STM & LTM are separate & what was found

Answer 10

The Primacy-Recency effect (Glanzer & Cunitz)
Supports the MSM & the importance of rehearsal

Question 11

What was the procedure for the primacy-recency effect?

Answer 11

Participants read a list of words & had to recall them either immediately/after a distraction

Question 12

How does the primacy effect occur?

Answer 12

The 1st words have been rehearsed & transferred to LTM

Question 13

How does the recency effect occur?

Answer 13

They’re the last words to be presented so they’re fresh & in the STM at the start of recall

Question 14

What does the interference task do in the primacy-recency effect?

Answer 14

Removes the recency effect

Question 15

What was a case study that supported the idea that the STM & LTM are separate & what does it suggest?

Answer 15

HM - had hippocampus removed so he couldn’t make new memories or recall old ones (LTM gone) but could recall recent things
Showed STM & LTM separate stores

Question 16

What was a case study that disagreed with the idea that the STM & LTM are separate & what does it suggest?

Answer 16

KF - had problems with information presented acoustically but had much better recall for information that was visual
Suggests the STM is split into 2 different stores, visual & auditory & the MSM is oversimplified

Question 17

Who presented this evidence about KF?

Answer 17

Shallice & Warrington 1970