memory key terminology

Question 1

define ‘multi store model of memory’ (definitions - memory)

Answer 1

• a representation of how memory works in terms of three stores
• it also describes how information is transferred from one store to another

Question 2

define ‘echoic memory’ (definitions - memory)

Answer 2

• the sensory register that stores auditory information

Question 3

define ‘central executive’ (definitions - memory)

Answer 3

• the component of the working memory model that co-ordinates the activities of the 3 subsystems in memory
• allocates processing resources

Question 4

define ‘phonological store’ (definitions - memory)

Answer 4

• a component of the phonological loop that stores sounds
• acts as in ‘inner ear’

Question 5

define ‘articulatory process’ (definitions - memory)

Answer 5

• a component of the phonological loop which stores words that are verbally repeated
• acts as an ‘inner voice’

Question 6

define ‘proactive interference’ (definitions - memory)

Answer 6

• forgetting occurs when newer memories disrupt the recall of older memories that are already stored

Question 7

define ‘retroactive interference’ (definitions - memory)

Answer 7

• forgetting occurs when older memories disrupt the recall of newer memories

Question 8

define ‘context dependent forgetting’ (definitions - memory)

Answer 8

• recall depends on external cues (setting e.g. weather/a place)

Question 9

define ‘state dependent forgetting’ (definitions - memory)

Answer 9

• recall depends on internal cues (mood e.g. feeling upset/being drunk)

Question 10

define ‘tunnel theory’ (definitions - memory)

Answer 10

• an explanation for the weapon focus effect that the weapon narrows the field of attention & reduces the information being stored

Question 11

define ‘weapon focus’ (definitions - memory)

Answer 11

• the concentration on a weapon by a witness of a crime & the subsequent inability to accurately remember other details of the crime

Question 12

define ‘own age bias’ (definitions - memory)

Answer 12

• a type of in-group bias
• people are better at remembering the faces/features of people their own age/similar in age to them

Question 13

define ‘Yerkes-Dodson law’ (memory - definitions)

Answer 13

• a model of the relationship between stress & task performance and
• we reach peak levels of performance with intermediate stress levels
• too much/too little stress leads to poor performance