Memory- Capacity and duration

Question 1

Research and coding - Word recall of similar/dissimilar words

Answer 1

Baddeley: acoustic in STM, semantic in LTM

Question 2

Evaluation- separate memory stores

Answer 2

Identified STM and LTM supporting multi-store model

Question 3

Artificial stimuli

Answer 3

Word lists had no personal meaning

Question 4

Research on capacity- Digit span

Answer 4

Jacobs: 9-3 digits, 7-3 letters

Question 5

Span of memory and chunking

Answer 5

Miller: 7±2 span, putting items together extends STM capacity

Question 6

Evaluation- a valid study

Answer 6

Later studies replicated findings (e.g. Bopp and Verhaeghen), so valid test of digit span

Question 7

Not so many chunks

Answer 7

Miller overestimated STM, only four chunks (Cowan)

Question 8

Research on duration- Duration of STM

Answer 8

Peterson and Peterson: about 18 seconds without rehearsal

Question 9

Duration of LTM

Answer 9

Bahrick et al (yearbooks): face recognitions 90%, free recall 60% (15 years). Face recognition 70%, free recall 30% (48 years)

Question 10

Evaluation- meaningless stimuli in STM study

Answer 10

Petersons used consonant syllables, lack external validity

Question 11

High external validity

Answer 11

Bahrick et al. used meaningful materials, better recall than studies with meaningless stimuli (Shepard)