Memory Bookelt 1

Question 1

5 stages of memory

Answer 1

Input, encoding, storage, retrieval, output

Question 2

What is input

Answer 2

Info enters the memory process using all 5 senses

Question 3

What is encoding

Answer 3

The way info is represented on the memory story for example sound meaning or image

Question 4

What is storage

Answer 4

Holding info in memory until needed

Question 5

What is retrieval

Answer 5

Locating info in memory and recovering it when needed

Question 6

What is output

Answer 6

The memories

Question 7

STM capacity

Answer 7

Digits 9.3
Letters 7.3

Magic number 7+-2

Used digit span joseph Jacobs

Question 8

STM duration

Answer 8

Less than 18 seconds

Peterson and Peterson used 24 students 8 trials to recall consonant syllables

Question 9

STM encoding

Answer 9

Acoustically, baddeley used word lists

Question 10

Ltm capacity

Answer 10

Potentially unlimited

No evidence

Question 11

Ltm duration

Answer 11

Up to a lifetime

Bahrick 400 people photo recognition

Question 12

Ltm encoding

Answer 12

Semantically

Question 13

Msm model

Answer 13

Environmental stimulus, sensory memory, attention, stm, maintenance rehearsal, ltm, retrieval

Question 14

Serial postition effect

Answer 14

Participants given 20 words
First few words rehearsed in ltm
Last few words remained in stm
Middle words forgotten

Question 15

Recently effect

Answer 15

Words still circulating in stm

Question 16

Primacy effect

Answer 16

Rehearsed and repeated in ltm

Question 17

Does serial position effect support msm

Answer 17

Yes it shows ltm and stm are seperate and unitary

Question 18

Who was HM

Answer 18

Had brain damage caused by operation to remove hippocampus to reduce epilepsy, personality and intellect remained in tact but couldn’t form new ltms

Supports MSM as shows seperate stores

Question 19

Who was Clive wearing

Answer 19

Caught virus causing brain damage and was left unable to transfer stms into ltms
Some ltm ability was affected

Question 20

Does kf support msm

Answer 20

Yes shows ltm and stm are different stores

Question 21

Does flashbulb memory support msm

Answer 21

No msm says rehearsal is the only way to form ltm but flashbulb suggests insignificant details from traumatic event can go straight to ltm

Question 22

Problems with msm

Answer 22

Over simplified

Doesnt take complexity of human brain into account

Question 23

KF

Answer 23

Impairment was mainly verbal but his visual and meaning were fine which disproves msm as it shows there could be more sub divisions

Question 24

Components of wmm

Answer 24

Episodic buffet, phonological loop, central executive, visuo spatial sketch pad

Question 25

What is central executive

Answer 25

Directs attention to task Drives system Decides how attention is directed

Question 26

What is phonological loop

Answer 26

Controls auditory info Auditory store holds info in speech form Articulatory control process rehearsal happens here

Question 27

What is episodic buffer

Answer 27

General store Interested info from central executive, phonological loop and visuo spatial sketch pad and ltm Limited capacity

Question 28

What is visuo spatial sketch pad

Answer 28

Processes visual and spatial info, holds info for tims

Question 29

Procedural ltm

Answer 29

Responsible for knowing how to do things

Question 30

Episodic ltm

Answer 30

Responsible for storing info about events we have experienced

Question 31

Semantic ltm

Answer 31

Responsible for knowing info about the world

Question 32

How can different ltms be supported by using brain scans

Answer 32

Episodic- hippocampus, semantic - temporal lobe, rocedural, cerebellum Shows ltm isn’t unitary