Memory AO3 Flashcards
What did Glanzer and Cunitz do and find? (MSM)
The Primacy and Recency effect study; when ppts presented with list of words, remembered last and first few words - evidential of stm and ltm. Pro for MSM.
KF Study? (MSM)
Brain trauma - stm intact but ltm suffered. Pro for MSM.
How is the MSM limited? (MSM)
E.g. LTM not explained well enough. rehearsal the only explanation for ltm storage, but some things are not needed to be rehearsed and we can still remember. Con for MSM.
Who’s Clive Wearing? (MSM)
Guy who had brain damage - his procedural ltm was fine, his episodic ltm was messed. Con for MSM.
Research into encoding of ltm? (MSM)
Baddeley meaning of words. Two lists, two groups. Looked at words, 20 min after tested. Semantically similar performed worse - recall 55%.
Capacity of stm? (MSM)
Jacobs Serial Digit Span
digits presented, had to repeat back in same order - list increased till consistent mistakes.
Average span 7+/-2 items; Digits better than letters.
Stm span increased with age.
Duration of stm? (MSM)
Peterson nonsense trigrams;
Asked to recall after 3,6,9,12,15,18 seconds to see if decayed.
Prevented from rehearsal by counting down in 3’s from 999.
Prevention of rehearsal negatively affects recall.
Prevented for 3sec, 80%
18sec trigrams dropped below 10%.
Duration of ltm? School friends… (MSM)
Bahrick longit. 400ppts 17-74.
Photos and names of high school old mates; asked to identify.
90% ppl remember names and faces after 15 years.
80%ppl remember names, 70% remember faces after 48yrs.
These undergo elab. rehearsal and meaningful enter ltm.
Encoding in STM? (MSM)
Same procedure as meaning of words;
acoustic.sim perform worse - 10%
What study was conducted to observe the different stm stores? (WMM)
Baddeley and Hitch: dual task studies;
two similar tasks, two dissimilar tasks;
dissimilar tasks performed better.
What neurological evidence do we have to support the WMM? (WMM)
Cohen’s PET scans:
Visual tasks - Occipital lobe
Verbal tasks - Broca’s area for speech prod.
Biological support for separate stm stores PL/VSS.
How is the WMM limited doe? (WMM)
The CE is oversimplified man, how does it allocate tasks?
EVR case study: performed well on reasoning tasks (CE intact)
But performed poorly in decision making (Ce damaged??)
What evidence did Berz provide to counter the WMM? (WMM)
Berz got ppl to perform acoustic tasks whilst listening to some acoustics;
performance was fine…
WMM suggests this would overload the AL’s PS…
NOT GIVEN THE FULL PIC MAN
What research support was found about a certain combo of CI aspects? (CI)
Milne and Bull: CR and RE combined gave best recall;
using the steps in CI provides a really good recall instead of just one.
What research support was found to do with order of effectiveness? (CI)
Geiselman found that after 48hrs, eyewitnesses to simulated crimes gave best recall with CI, then Hypnosis then SI.
