Memory and Learning - Drewes

Question 1

Elementary mechanism for synaptic plasticity:

Answer 1

If presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons are active simultaneously, then the synapse is strengthened.
“Neurons that fire together wire together.”

If presynaptic and postsynaptic activities are not linked, then the synapse is weakened.
“Neurons that fire out of sync loose their link.”

Question 2

What activates NMDA receptors and why?

Answer 2

NMDA must be activated by BOTH glutamate and a depolarization

It’s because there is a Mg++ block that must be removed

Question 3

What is:
Learning?
Memory?

Answer 3

Learning is the acquisition of new information or knowledge.

Memory is the retention of learned information.

Question 4

Losing protein synthesis will affect what part of memory?

Answer 4

Memory consolidation required protein synthesis, therefore this will be affected

Short term emory doesn’t require this, so it wouldn’t be affected

Question 5

What can be upregulated to show memory improvement in mammals

Answer 5

Cam Kinase II

CaM Serine Kinase (CASK) Regualtor of CaMKII

Question 6

What is an engram?

Answer 6

Storage site of memories