Hypothalamus - Engeland

Question 1

What cells produce vasopressin and oxytocin? How does it get into the circulation?

Answer 1

Magnocellular hypthalamuc neurons secrete these peptides DIRECTLY into circulation viz ypophyseal vein in the posterior pituitary

Question 2

What stimuli cause VP release

Answer 2

Icnrease blood osmolarity (important)
Hypovolemia
Hypotension

Question 3

What causes Oxytocin release?

Answer 3

suckling
Uterine stimulate (by newborn in birth canal)

Question 4

What is the precurosr to opiomelanocortin peptides like ACTH and Beta-endorphin?

Answer 4

Pro-opiomelanocortin (POM-C)

Question 5

Outline the mechansim of secretion of anterior pituitary homones:

Answer 5

Parvocellular neurons in the hypothalamus synthesize hypothalamic-releasing hormones

Hormones travel from median eminence to anterior pituitary. There they cause the anterior pituitary to release stuff

Question 6

What causes diabetes insipidus?

What are the symptoms?

Answer 6

Caused by loss of vasopressin secretion
-trauma or autoimmune porblems

Symptom
-polyuria and polydipsia

Question 7

What major problem can a pituitary tumor cause in women?

Answer 7

Galactorrhea-Amenorrhea

Hyperprolactinemia and loss of menstruation
Causes inappropriate lactation