Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

psych > memory and learning > Flashcards

memory and learning Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

hippocampus

A

explicit - episodic, semantic
“spatial memory”
formation of emotionally arousing memories
where and when

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

amygdala

A

retrieving and regulating of emotionally arousing memories
formation of classically conditioned responses
fear or anger predominantly
the amount of “noradrenline” will depend on the emotional significance of the memory
“flashbulb memory” recall of a highly detailed emotionally arousing experience

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

neocortex

A

long term storage of explicit episodic semantic memories
info received from hippocampus is eventually moved to neocortex where it is stored
(memory is stored where it is received)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

cerebellum

A

encoding TEMPORARY storage of implicit memories
PERMANENTLY stores classically conditioned procedural memories
coordinates memories involved with movement and fine motor skills

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

basal ganglia

A

encodes and stores procedural and classical memories learnt in classical conditioning
building habits and motor movement
stores implicit memories (habituation learning)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

neutral stimulus

A

any stimulus in which doesn’t trigger a response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

UCS

A

a stimulus which constantly and naturally stimulates a response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

UCR

A

response that is automatically triggered when presented with a stimulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

CS

A

stimulus that was initially neutral in which now triggers/ stimulates a response similar to UCS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

CR

A

learnt response to CS
occuring after repeated pairing / association between NS + UCS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

antecedent

A

stimulus in which come before the behaviour
triggering a beahviour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

behaviour

A

VOLUNTARY response to antecedent when stimulus is present.
adjustment to an environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

consequence

A

response happening after behaviour, kind of consequence produced has an impact on whether or not behaviour is likely or unlikely to occur again.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

positive reinforcement

A

DESIRABLE stimulus is ADDED in aim for the behaviour to reoccur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

negative reinforcement

A

ADVERSE stimulus is removed in aim for the likelihood of a behaviour to increase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

positive punishment

A

UNPLEASANT stimulus ADDED to weaken the likelihood of a behaviour continuing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

negative punishment

A

PLEASANT stimulis is REMOVED to weaken likelihood of a behaviour continuing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

sensory memory

A

entry point in which new info is temporarily stored (brief period of time)
unlimited capacity
iconic: 0.3 echoic: 3-4
stored in sensory registers in which if info is paid attention then moves to short term memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

short term memory

A

allows us to manipulate and actively work on info
7 + - 2 pieces of info at a time
12 secs of no recall we start forgetting
18 secs it is almost completely gone

20
Q

decay

A

when info is forgotten due to it not being renewed

21
Q

displacement

A

when info is forgotten due to it being pushed out by new incoming stimuli

22
Q

long term memory

A

potentially unlimited amount of info can be stored for a potentially unlimited amount of time

23
Q

explicit memory

A

memory with awareness
conciously retrieved

24
Q

episodic memory

A

memory relating to a personal event or experience
personal diary

25
Q

semantic memory

A

memory relating to general knowledge or facts
not detailed with tags of time and space

26
Q

implicit memory

A

memory without awareness
unconcious retrieval
non declarative

27
Q

procedural memory

A

memory relating to motor skills previously learnt
difficult to put into words therefore demonstrated through behaviour

28
Q

classically condtioned

A

implict memories learnt through conditioned stimuli eliciting conditioned response
fear and anxiety

29
Q

autobiographical memories

A

personally lived experiences
interpretations of situation in which are retrieved every time we speak about them
retrieval occurs through hippocampus for episodic experiences

30
Q

possible imagined futures

A

hypothetical situations in which an individual has the ability to create

31
Q

alzheimers disease

A

degeneration of neuron’s in which memory declines as well as the potential of personality changes

32
Q

neurofibrially tangles

A

proteins formed within a neuron inhibitng transport of essential substances between neuron

33
Q

amyloid plaques

A

proteins formed on neurons preventing communication between neurons as neural transmission is inhibited

34
Q

alzheimers symptoms

A

memory loss
tremors

35
Q

alzheimers long lasting affects

A

death of neurons
brian shrinkage

36
Q

aphantasia

A

renders individuals ability to visualise imagery
making it difficult for those with aphantasia to draw rich details from episodic memories (autobiographical, possible imagined futures)

37
Q

acronyms

A

taking the first letter of a desired word and making it into an easier word to remember
SAME

38
Q

acrostic

A

phrase made up with the letters of a desired word NESW - never eat soggy weetbix

39
Q

method of loci

A

remembering a word of piece of info by pairing the desired info with imagery journey
hippocampus is in the pool

40
Q

sung narratives

A

singing as as way of breaking up pieces of desired information so it is easier to recall

41
Q

songlines

A

memory codes tracing a journey through country
describing landmarks so that a travellers know they’re going in the right direction

42
Q

encoding

A

information is received and converted for storage
explicit; hippocampus encodes episodic and semantic memories as well as amygdala encoding emotionally arousing components of these memories
implicit; basal ganglia encodes procedural memories relating to movement and building habits
hippocampus encodes classically conditioned learnt memories
amygdala encodes implicit memories with emotional significance

43
Q

storage

A

information is retained in memory until it is needed
explicit; neocortex stores episodic and semantic memories
implicit; basal ganglia stores classically conditioned memories
cerebellum stores procedures memories

44
Q

retrieval

A

memory is recovered from storage where it is needed

45
Q

within design

A

when all participants experience the same kind of condtions

46
Q

between design

A

when participants are assigned to groups and experience different kinds of conditions

47
Q

mixed design

A

when all participants experience both within experiemental design aswell as between design

psych (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions