Memory Flashcards
Show the multi store model of memory
recall --Sensory--------STM--------------LTM store | rehearsal | forget
Describe levels of processing
Look|Structural Processing|shallowest | Sound|Phonetic processing|medium | Meaning|semantic processing|deepist
What is reconstructive memory
Altering our recollection of things so they make sense to us
What is retroactive interference
Info we recently learnt hinders our ability to recall info learnt previously
What is proactive interference
When info we already learnt hinders our ability to recall new info
What is anterograde amnesia
Being unable to learn new info after suffering brain damage
What is retrograde amnesia
Loss of memory for events that happened before brain damage occurred
What is loftus and palmers study
Leading questions affect, shown films of car accidents, some were asked how fast when it hit and some asked smashed, participants that heard smashed gave a higher speed estimate, leading questions reduce the accuracy of recall
What is bruce and youngs study
To see if familiarity affects accuracy of identifying faces, lecturers were on cctv at start of building, partic were asked to identify the faces on cctv, the lecturers students made more correct identifications that other students and police, previous familiarity helps identifying faces
What is a cognitive interview
A method of questioning witnesses that involves recreating the context of an event
A study for context
Participants were deep sea divers, divided into 4 groups, they had the same words to learn, 2 groups learnt in the same environment and recalled, and the other 2 learnt in one environment and recalled in another
A study for interference
Participants were split in 2 groups, 1 were asked to learn some word pairs, then a second list of word pairs, 2 were asked to learn the first word pairs only, both recalled, 2s memory of the first list was better than 1
Study of reconstructive memory
Participants read a story, later they were asked to retell the story as accurately as possible, the retelling was repeated several times over the next few weeks, they changed parts of the story that made more sense to them, each time they retold, the changed a bit more
A study for levels of processing
Participants were showed a list of words, one at a time and had to answer yes or no, some needed structural processing, others needed phonetic and others semantic, they were given a longer list and had to identify the words they answered questions about, they remembered 70% semantic, 35% phonetic and 15% that were structural
What’s a study for the multi-store memory
Participants had to learn words, 2secs each, and then recalled the words in any order, the ones at the end and beginning were recalled the best, the ones in the middle were recalled worst, this provides evidence for short term and long term memory