Memory Flashcards
According to the multi store model how is LTM stored?
info reaches our senses from the environment and enters memory system through sensory register
How does information get to the STM according to MSM?
information is picked up by attention and passes through STM
How is info kept in the STM according to MSM?
maintenance rehearsal
What is elaborative rehearsal?
when you think about the meaning of the info in STM
it becomes semantically coded and goes to LTM
What are the key claims of MSM
each store is unitary - one store with no separate parts
stores are separate to others - features are very different, one can be damaged when the other is not
What is coding?
the way information is changed so it can be stored in memory
What is capacity
amount of info that a store can hold
What is duration?
The length of time info can be held in memory
What is the capacity of the sensory register?
very large
What is the duration of the sensory register?
limited
What is the coding in the sensory register?
Unprocessed form
What is the sensory register?
the store for our 5 senses
senses are engaged when were exposed to a stimulus
its the SR which allows you to remeber a stimuli after exposure ended
what are the two main parts of the sensory register?
iconic store (visual)
echoic store (auditory)
What other stores are in the sensory register?
haptic (feel)
gustatory (taste)
olfactory (smell)
What is the capacity of STM?
5-9 items
(7 +/- 2)
What is the duration of the STM?
18-20 seconds
What is the duration of STM?
18-30 seconds
What is the capacity of LTM?
Unlimited
What is the duration of LTM?
Lifelong
what is coding of the LTM?
semantic
what are the features of the working memory?
- STM is not unitary but has separate components
- each component processes in store different types of information
- Each has limited storage capacity
What are the four components of the STM in the working memory model?
Central executive
Phonological loop
Visuo Spatial sketchpad
Episodic buffer
What is the central executive?
organiser of the STM
- Attends all incoming information and temporarily store information
- Decides what pieces of information to send to the different components
- Limited capacity
What is the Phonological loop?
- deals with auditory info (acoustic)
- active during verbal tasks
phonological store
articulatory loop
What is the phonological store?
inner ear
- stores words u hear
What is the articulatory loop?
inner voice
allows maintenance rehearsal
- capacity is two seconds
What is the Visuo-spatial sketchpad?
stores visual and spatial information
active during visual tasks
- involved in pattern recognition and perception of movement
visual cache
inner scribe
What is the visual cache?
stores visual data
what is the inner scribe?
inner eye
- records the arrangement of objects in the visual field
what is the episodic buffer?
acts as a temporary back up store (storage components for central executive)
- processes info that requires two senses at the same time
- recalls info from LTM to integrate into STM
What is episodic LTM?
LTM for personal events, when things occured
- memories have to be retrieved consciously and w/ effort
What is episodic LTM?
LTM for personal events, when things occured
- memories have to be retrieved consciously and w/ effort
What is semantic LTM?
LTM for our knowledge of the world, facts and etc
- retrieved w/ effort
What is procedural LTM?
LTM for our knowledge of actions and skills, e.g riding a bike
- recalled without making a conscious effort
What brain region is associated with Episodic LTM?
- Hippocampus
- other areas of the temporal lobe
- frontal lobe
What brain region is associated with semantic LTM?
temporal lobe
What brain region is associated with procedural LTM?
- cerebellum
- moror cortex
- basal ganglia & limbic system
What is interference?
one memory blocking the recall of another causing one or both to be forgotten a
