Memory

Question 1

memory

Answer 1

retention of learning or experience

Question 2

retrograde amnesia

Answer 2

cannot remember events prior to brain damage => loss of old memories

Question 3

anterograde amnesia

Answer 3

cannot remember events post brain damage => no new memory

Question 4

Alzheimer’s disease

Answer 4

patients remember things from their younger years but cannot form new memories => STM and working memory is affected, then episodic and semantic and procedural

Question 5

what surgery did H.M have?

Answer 5

hippocamus bilateral removal => medial tempora lobes

Question 6

what type of memory did HM have?

Answer 6

still had his short term memory but did not have encoding for long term memory => learn new skills but not acquire new facts of events

Question 7

chronic alcoholism (Korsakoff’s syndrome)

Answer 7

amnesia caused by lack of thiamine (vit B1) => causes severe anterograde amnesia and some retrograde amnesia => affects STM but not LTM

Question 8

serial position effect

Answer 8

people remember the first words and most recent words in a string of words

Question 9

primacy effect

Answer 9

the first words are encoded and are recalled better than middle words in a string

Question 10

recency effect

Answer 10

most recent words are in our working memory and are recalled better than middle words

Question 11

arkinson shriffin memory model

Answer 11

Question 12

duration and capcity of STM

Answer 12

15 seconds in duration and 7 +- 2 items capacity => many systems together aka working memory

Question 13

short term memory

Answer 13

only the temporary stage of information in memory

Question 14

working memory

Answer 14

the processes that are used to temporarily store, organize, and manipulate information

Question 15

long term memory

Answer 15

the storage of information over an extended period of time

Question 16

procedural memory

Answer 16

knowing how to do things like riding a bike

Question 17

declarative memory

Answer 17

knowing information (2 categories)

Question 18

semantic memory

Answer 18

general knowledge such as your name or cities

Question 19

episodic memories

Answer 19

personal recollection consistent with existing schemas

Question 20

sir Frederic Bartlett

Answer 20

psychologist who asked people to listen to the war of ghosts story and charted how people responded over time based on schemas they have

Question 21

omissions

Answer 21

unusual or unfamiliar items tend to not be reported

Question 22

linkages

Answer 22

made up resons for a story’s coherence

Question 23

transformations

Answer 23

unfamiliar names or terms are changed to mroe familiar ones

Question 24

acquisition and encoding

Answer 24

attending to the event and assimilating it into ones personal background and experience

Question 25

storage and retention

Answer 25

storing a memory of the incident between the time of encoding and recounting the event

Question 26

retrieval

Answer 26

recollecting and recounting an incident

Question 27

why do we forget?

Answer 27

prevention of consolidation for unimportant things, decay, interference, cue dependent forgetting

Question 28

retroactive interference

Answer 28

more recent information makes it harder to recall older information

Question 29

proactive itnerference

Answer 29

old information interferes with new information

Question 30

transience

Answer 30

losing access to iformation across time due to forgetting, interference, or retriefal failure

Question 31

absent mindedness

Answer 31

failure to remember information because of lack of attention during encoding

Question 32

blocking

Answer 32

temporary retriaval failure

Question 33

misattribution

Answer 33

remembering a fact correctly but not where it is sourced form

Question 34

suggestability

Answer 34

incorporating information provided by others into perosnal recollection

Question 35

bias

Answer 35

distorted recollect to reflect knowledge, beliefs, and feeligns

Question 36

persistence

Answer 36

inability to forget traumatic memories

Question 37

clive wearing

Answer 37

famous musician who got anterograde and retrograde amnesia where his memory only lasted 7-30 seconds