Memory Flashcards

Question

Explain the Reminiscence Bump

Answer 1

For people over 30 years old, **there is a period of increased number or memories from their teens to mid 20s** **thought to be formed because of the higher number of “firsts” in people’s lives** (important/big events)

Answer 2

**Memories that we believe to be real but are a result of either confusion, imagination, suggestion or a combination of the three**

Answer 3

-**when we recall memories we relive the moment through our current knowledge** **memories are influenced by imagination, perception, social influences and knowledge** - sometimes we “remember” things that never happened -we may be as confident in our false memory as we are in our real ones - we are unaware of how reliable our memory can be and are overly confident in the accuracy of our memories

Answer 4

the **inability to distinguish whether the original event or some later event was the source of the information**

Answer 5

**a situation where a large mass of people believes that an event occurred when it did not**

Answer 6

1. **ask and recall information on event,** and slightly change it every time you get them to recall it 2. **edit a photo for visual evidence** of a false memory

Answer 7

-sensory declines (hearing/vision) -general slowing of information processing -intelligence remains stable -mild decrease in •ability to recall names, places, things • mental flexibility • memory - independence in daily activities preserved

Answer 8

**a disease of the brain that causes a decline in memory and intellectual functioning severe enough to interfere with everyday life** *not healthy aging

Answer 9

Alzheimer’s is one TYPE of dementia

Answer 10

**a progressive, degenerative, neurological disease of the brain** **steady decline in memory and cognitive functioning severe enough to interfere with everyday life** not reversible

Answer 11

-neurofibrillary tangles -amyloid plaques -decrease in chemicals that facilitate memory -cell death

Answer 12

Early Stage -forgetfulness, trouble multitasking -showing up at the wrong time -changes in personality and appearance -preference for familiar things Middle Stage -fluctuating disorientation -difficulty learning new things -decline in recognition (friends, distant family, then more sig. relationships) -mood and behaviour changes -function declines -wandering -alterations in sleep and appetite Late Stage -severe disorientation to time and place -no ST memory -loss of speech, + bowel/bladder control -difficulty walking -doesn’t recognize family -inability to survive without care

Answer 13

5.1 million Americans have Alzheimer’s 50% are not diagnosed 1/3 of people with dementia require hospitalization each year

Answer 14

medication environment/safety adaptations community programs family education and support

Answer 15

-poor understanding of healthy aging -baseline variability in education, intelligence, personality -lack of insight = not seeking help -belief that “nothing can be done” or that there is “no good medication treatment”

Answer 16

**loss of memory ability** usually due to lesions (damage) or surgical removal of various parts of the brain

Answer 17

loss of memory for events PRIOR to damage

Answer 18

loss of ability to store new memories AFTER damage

Answer 19

LONG TERM MEMORY not short term or sensory

Answer 20

Lesions to the Medial Thalamus results from chronic alcoholism and consequent thiamine deficiency causes severe anterograde amnesia causes severe retrograde amnesia and usually results in confabulation often unaware of their deficit

Answer 21

making up stories to explain the absence of memory

Answer 22

extreme epilepsy removed both medial temporal lobes (containing hippocampus)

Answer 23

long term memory he had a normal short term memory but nothing made it into long term He had severe anterograde amnesia and retrograde amnesia 1-3 years prior to the surgery procedural memory was mostly unaffected

Answer 24

suffered from viral encephalitis, which is inflammation of the brain from a virus (herpes virus)

Answer 25

minimize stress proper nutrition (eat veggies) healthy lifestyle (exercise + sleep) keep using ur brain (learn new things) protect ur brain

Answer 26

“photographic” extreme memory ability referred to as “a mnemonist” able to recall test stimuli

Answer 27

1. Rich Synesthesia - use his perception of stimuli —> leads to strong associative links 2. vivid and elaborate mental imagery of things

Answer 28

when you experience one of you senses through another ex. listening to music and seeing shapes helps link senses to items being remembered

Answer 29

a brain structure in the temporal lobe is part of the lymbic system with the brains bilateral symmetry, we have 2 hippocampi 1 in each cerebral hemisphere

Answer 30

**The formation of new episodic memories** **Navigation and spatial memory**

Answer 31

The hippocampus and the olfactory bulb (smell) are very close and the hippocampus extends neurons into the olfactory bulb

Answer 32

the hippocampus is part of the limbic system which is responsible for emotion this is why vivid memories are linked to emotionally significant events

Answer 33

The more you use your hippocampus, the larger it grows ex taxi driver or chickadee

Answer 34

the recollection of a personal experience that contains information on what has happened where when it happened.

Answer 35

he had the memory of a goldfish, with his memory resetting every few seconds even with that, he still found joy playing the piano and spending time with his wife.