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Psychology Paper 1 Content > Memory > Flashcards

Memory Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the Multi-Store-Model?

A

An explanation of memory that sees information flowing through a series of storage systems.

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2
Q

What is the sensory register?

A

A short term duration store holding impressions of information received by the senses.

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3
Q

What is short term memory?

A

A temporary store holding small amounts of information for brief periods.

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4
Q

What is long term memory?

A

A permanent store holding limitless amounts of information for periods.

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5
Q

What is coding?

A

The means by which information is represented in memory.

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6
Q

What is capacity?

A

The amount of information that can be stored at a given time.

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7
Q

What is duration?

A

The length of time information remains within storage.

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8
Q

What is the working memory model?

A

An explanation that sees short-term memory as an active store holding several pieces of information simultaneously.

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9
Q

What is the central executive?

A

A component of the WMM that oversees and co-ordinates the components of working memory.

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10
Q

What is the phonological loop.

A

Component of the WMM that deals with auditory information.

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11
Q

What is the visuo-spatial sketchpad?

A

A component of the WMM that deals with visual information and the physical relationship of items.

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12
Q

What is the Eposidic Buffer/.

A

A component of the WMM that serves as a temporary store of integrated information from the central executive, phonological loop, visuo-spatial sketchpad and LTM.

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13
Q

What is episodic LTM?

A

A form of LTM for events occurring in an individual’s life.

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14
Q

What is semantic LTM?

A

Type of LTM for meanings understandings and other concept based knowledge.

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15
Q

What is procedural LTM?

A

Type of LTM for the performance of a particular type of actions.

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16
Q

What are the different explanations for forgetting?

A
  • Retrieval Failure
  • Interference Theory
17
Q

What is retrieval failure?

A

An explanation for forgetting when material is stored in the LTM but cannot be consciously recalled as a result of lack of retrieval cues to jog the memory.

18
Q

What is interference theory?

A

An explanation for forgetting when similar material is confused in recall from the LTM.

19
Q

What is proactive interference?

A

A form of interference that occurs when past information inhibit a individuals ability to recall new information.

20
Q

What is retroactive interference?

A

A form of interference that occurs when newly learned information interferes with the recall of old information previously learnt.

21
Q

What is cue dependent forgetting?

A

A type of forgetting based upon a failure to retrieve the prompts that trigger recall.

22
Q

What is context dependent failure?

A

A form of CDF where recall occurs in different external setting to coding.

23
Q

What is state dependent failure?

A

A form of CDF where recall occurs in a different internal setting to coding.

24
Q

What is repression?

A

A type of motivated forgetting where emotionally threatening events are thought to be banished to the unconscious mind to prevent the feelings of anxiety they might cause.

25
Q

What is repression?

A

A type of motivated forgetting where emotionally threatening events are thought to be banished to the unconscious mind to prevent the feelings of anxiety they might cause.

26
Q

What is eye witness testimony?

A

Evidence was provided by those recalling an event who were present when the event took place.

27
Q

What is a schema in relation to EWT?

A

The readiness to interpret sensory information in pre-set manner.

28
Q

What are the factors that affect EWT?

A

Misleading information- information that suggests a desired response

Post-evet discussion- information added to memory after the event has occurred.

Anxiety- an unpleasant state of emotional arousal

29
Q

How can EWT be improved?

A

Cognitive interview- a procedure for police questioning of witnesses that promotes accurate detailed recall of events

Enhanced cognitive interview- an advanced method of questioning that overcomes problems caused by inappropriate sequence of questiobs

30
Q

What are the key features of the cognitive interview?

A
  • Change of narrative order
  • Change in perspective
  • Mental reinstatement of context
  • Report everything
31
Q

What are the extra features of the ECI?

A
  • the interviewer not distracting the witness with unnecessary interruptions
  • the witness controlling the flow of information
  • asking open-ended questions
  • participants being reminded not to guess and use ‘dont know’
  • reducing anxiety
  • getting witness to speak slowly
32
Q

What is the modified cognitive interview?

A

An amended form of CI suitable for use with children

Psychology Paper 1 Content (4 decks)

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