Membrane Transport (CELL)

Question 1

the homogeneous mixture of two or more components

Answer 1

Solution

Question 2

Two types of solution

Answer 2

1) solvent
2) Solutes

Question 3

Dissolving medium pression in the larger quantity,

Answer 3

Solvent

Question 4

The body’s main solvent is

Answer 4

Water

Question 5

It is the components in smaller quantities within a solution

Answer 5

Solutes

Question 6

So Sean containing gas nutrients and salts dissolved in water

Nucleoplasm and cytosol

Answer 6

Intracellular fluid

Question 7

Fluid on the exterior of the cell

Answer 7

Extracellular fluid

Question 8

Contains thousands of ingredients such as nutrients, hormones, neutrotransmitters, salts, and waste products

Answer 8

Extracellular fluid

Question 9

The plasma membrane is selectively permeable barrier wherein some materials can pass through while others are excluded

Answer 9

Membrane transport

Question 10

Cellular transport have two basic methods

Answer 10

1) passive transport
2) active transport

Question 11

No energy is required in this transport

Answer 11

Passive transport

Question 12

Which transport the cell must provide metabolic energy

Answer 12

Active transport

Question 13

The process of passive transport

Answer 13

Diffusion and filtration

Question 14

Molecule movement is from high concentration to low concentration, down a concentration gradient

Answer 14

Diffusion

Question 15

Particles tend to distribute themselves evenly within a solution

Answer 15

Diffusion

Question 16

Type of energy that causes the molecules to move about randomly in the diffusion

Answer 16

kinetic energy

Question 17

These 2 affect the speed of diffusion

Answer 17

1) size of the molecules
2) temperature

Question 18

Molecules will move by diffusion if any of the following applies

Answer 18

The small molecules are:

1) are small enough to pass through the membrane pores
2) are lipid- soluble
3) are assisted by a membrane carrier

Question 19

The types of diffusion

Answer 19

1) simple diffusion
2) osmosis
3) Facilitated diffusion

Question 20

An unassisted process of the diffusion

Answer 20

Simple diffusion

Question 21

Diffusion are lipid-soluble or small enough to pass through membrane pores

Answer 21

Simple diffusion

Question 22

It is the simple diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane

Answer 22

Osmosis

Question 23

Highly follow water molecules is the loss the plasma membrane through aquaporins and it’s water move down its concentration gradient

Answer 23

Osmosis

Question 24

Diffusion of water through a specific channel protein

Answer 24

Osmosis

Question 25

Solutions have the same solute and water concentrations as cells and cause no visible changes in the cell

Answer 25

Isotonic solutions

Question 26

Solutions that contains more solute than the the cells do and the cells will begin to shrink

Answer 26

Hypertonic solutions

Question 27

Solutions that contains fewer solutes (more water) then the cells do Cells will plump

Answer 27

Hypotonic solutions

Question 28

It is a type of diffusion that transports lipids-insoluble and large substances

Answer 28

Facilitated diffusion

Question 29

_______ is transported via facilitated diffusion

Answer 29

Glucose

Question 30

In facilitated diffusion ______ is used to act as carriers

Answer 30

Protein membrane channels / protein molecules

Question 31

A type of passive process where water and salutes are forced through a membrane by fluid or hydrostatic pressure

Answer 31

Filtration

Question 32

In filtration pressure gradient must exist that pushes salute containing fluid from a _________ area to ____________ area

Answer 32

High-pressure area to a lower pressure area

Question 33

Filtration is critical for the ______ to work properly

Answer 33

Kidneys

Question 34

ATP is used to move substances across a membrane

Answer 34

Active processes

Question 35

Active processes are used when:

Answer 35

1) substances are too large to travel through membrane channels 2) membrane may lack special proteins carriers 3) substances may not be lipid-soluble 4) substances may have to move against a concentration gradient

Question 36

Two types of transport, in active processes

Answer 36

1) Active transport 2) Vesicular transport

Question 37

- ATP energizes solute pumps - in most cases substances are moved against concentrations (or electrical) gradient

Answer 37

Active transport

Question 38

In active transport, amino acids, some sugars and ions are transported by protein carriers known as______

Answer 38

Solute pumps

Question 39

Example of active transport

Answer 39

Sodium – potassium pump

Question 40

Sodium-potassium pump is necessary for ____________

Answer 40

Nerve impulses

Question 41

Is transported out of the cell

Answer 41

Sodium

Question 42

Is transported into the cell

Answer 42

Potassium

Question 43

In this transport, substances are move across the membrane “in bulk” without actually crossing the plasma membrane

Answer 43

Vesicular transport

Question 44

Two types of vesicular transport

Answer 44

1) exocytosis 2) endocytosis

Question 45

Two types of endocytosis

Answer 45

1) phagocytosis 2) pinocytosis

Question 46

Mechanism cells used to actively secrete, hormones, mucus, and other products

Answer 46

Exocytosis

Question 47

Material is carried in a membranous sac called ____________ that migrates and combines with plasma membrane

Answer 47

Exocytosis

Question 48

The contents of vesicles are emptied to the outside

Answer 48

Exocytosis

Question 49

Exocytosis docking process

Answer 49

1) docking proteins in the vesicles recognize plasma membrane proteins and bind with them 2) membranes corkscrew, and fuse together

Question 50

Extra cellular substances are enclosed in a membrane vesicles

Answer 50

Endocytosis

Question 51

Vesicles detach from the plasma membrane and moves into the cell And once in the cell , the vesicle typically fuses with a ____________

Answer 51

1) Endocytosis 2) Lysosome

Question 52

Endocytosis contains are digested by ____________

Answer 52

Lysosomal enzymes

Question 53

In some pieces, the vesicle released by Exocytosis on the opposite side of the cell

Answer 53

Endocytosis

Question 54

Types of endocytosis that is known as “ cell eating”

Answer 54

Phagocytosis

Question 55

____________ are cytoplasmic extension that separate substances (such as bacteria or dead body cells) from external environment

Answer 55

Pseudopods

Question 56

Is a protective mechanism not a means of getting nutrients

Answer 56

Phagocytosis

Question 57

Types of endocytosis that is considered “ cell drinking”

Answer 57

Pinocytosis

Question 58

- cell “ gulps” droplets of extra cellular fluid containing dissolved, protein or fats - Plasma membrane forms a pit and edges fuse around droplet of fluid - routine activity for most cells, such as those involved in absorption (small intestine)

Answer 58

Pinocytosis

Question 59

Another type of endocytosis

Answer 59

Receptor – mediated endocytosis

Question 60

Method for taking up specific target molecules and it’s receptor proteins on the membrane surface bind only certain substances

Answer 60

Receptor – mediated endocytosis

Question 61

Highly selective process of taking in substances such as enzymes, some hormones, cholesterol, and iron

Answer 61

Receptor – meditated endocytosis