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ANAPHY BSC3 > Membrane Transport (CELL) > Flashcards

Membrane Transport (CELL) Flashcards

1
Q

the homogeneous mixture of two or more components

A

Solution

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2
Q

Two types of solution

A

1) solvent
2) Solutes

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3
Q

Dissolving medium pression in the larger quantity,

A

Solvent

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4
Q

The body’s main solvent is

A

Water

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5
Q

It is the components in smaller quantities within a solution

A

Solutes

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6
Q

So Sean containing gas nutrients and salts dissolved in water

Nucleoplasm and cytosol

A

Intracellular fluid

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7
Q

Fluid on the exterior of the cell

A

Extracellular fluid

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8
Q

Contains thousands of ingredients such as nutrients, hormones, neutrotransmitters, salts, and waste products

A

Extracellular fluid

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9
Q

The plasma membrane is selectively permeable barrier wherein some materials can pass through while others are excluded

A

Membrane transport

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10
Q

Cellular transport have two basic methods

A

1) passive transport
2) active transport

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11
Q

No energy is required in this transport

A

Passive transport

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12
Q

Which transport the cell must provide metabolic energy

A

Active transport

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13
Q

The process of passive transport

A

Diffusion and filtration

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14
Q

Molecule movement is from high concentration to low concentration, down a concentration gradient

A

Diffusion

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15
Q

Particles tend to distribute themselves evenly within a solution

A

Diffusion

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16
Q

Type of energy that causes the molecules to move about randomly in the diffusion

A

kinetic energy

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17
Q

These 2 affect the speed of diffusion

A

1) size of the molecules
2) temperature

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18
Q

Molecules will move by diffusion if any of the following applies

A

The small molecules are:

1) are small enough to pass through the membrane pores
2) are lipid- soluble
3) are assisted by a membrane carrier

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19
Q

The types of diffusion

A

1) simple diffusion
2) osmosis
3) Facilitated diffusion

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20
Q

An unassisted process of the diffusion

A

Simple diffusion

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21
Q

Diffusion are lipid-soluble or small enough to pass through membrane pores

A

Simple diffusion

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22
Q

It is the simple diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane

A

Osmosis

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23
Q

Highly follow water molecules is the loss the plasma membrane through aquaporins and it’s water move down its concentration gradient

A

Osmosis

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24
Q

Diffusion of water through a specific channel protein

A

Osmosis

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25
Q

Solutions have the same solute and water concentrations as cells and cause no visible changes in the cell

A

Isotonic solutions

26
Q

Solutions that contains more solute than the the cells do and the

cells will begin to shrink

A

Hypertonic solutions

27
Q

Solutions that contains fewer solutes (more water) then the cells do

Cells will plump

A

Hypotonic solutions

28
Q

It is a type of diffusion that transports lipids-insoluble and large substances

A

Facilitated diffusion

29
Q

_______ is transported via facilitated diffusion

A

Glucose

30
Q

In facilitated diffusion ______ is used to act as carriers

A

Protein membrane channels / protein molecules

31
Q

A type of passive process where water and salutes are forced through a membrane by fluid or hydrostatic pressure

A

Filtration

32
Q

In filtration pressure gradient must exist that pushes salute containing fluid from a _________ area to ____________ area

A

High-pressure area to a lower pressure area

33
Q

Filtration is critical for the ______ to work properly

A

Kidneys

34
Q

ATP is used to move substances across a membrane

A

Active processes

35
Q

Active processes are used when:

A

1) substances are too large to travel through membrane channels
2) membrane may lack special proteins carriers
3) substances may not be lipid-soluble
4) substances may have to move against a concentration gradient

36
Q

Two types of transport, in active processes

A

1) Active transport
2) Vesicular transport

37
Q
  • ATP energizes solute pumps
  • in most cases substances are moved against concentrations (or electrical) gradient
A

Active transport

38
Q

In active transport, amino acids, some sugars and ions are transported by protein carriers known as______

A

Solute pumps

39
Q

Example of active transport

A

Sodium – potassium pump

40
Q

Sodium-potassium pump is necessary for ____________

A

Nerve impulses

41
Q

Is transported out of the cell

A

Sodium

42
Q

Is transported into the cell

A

Potassium

43
Q

In this transport, substances are move across the membrane “in bulk” without actually crossing the plasma membrane

A

Vesicular transport

44
Q

Two types of vesicular transport

A

1) exocytosis
2) endocytosis

45
Q

Two types of endocytosis

A

1) phagocytosis
2) pinocytosis

46
Q

Mechanism cells used to actively secrete, hormones, mucus, and other products

A

Exocytosis

47
Q

Material is carried in a membranous sac called ____________ that migrates and combines with plasma membrane

A

Exocytosis

48
Q

The contents of vesicles are emptied to the outside

A

Exocytosis

49
Q

Exocytosis docking process

A

1) docking proteins in the vesicles recognize plasma membrane proteins and bind with them

2) membranes corkscrew, and fuse together

50
Q

Extra cellular substances are enclosed in a membrane vesicles

A

Endocytosis

51
Q

Vesicles detach from the plasma membrane and moves into the cell

And once in the cell , the vesicle typically fuses with a ____________

A

1) Endocytosis

2) Lysosome

52
Q

Endocytosis contains are digested by ____________

A

Lysosomal enzymes

53
Q

In some pieces, the vesicle released by Exocytosis on the opposite side of the cell

A

Endocytosis

54
Q

Types of endocytosis that is known as “ cell eating”

A

Phagocytosis

55
Q

____________ are cytoplasmic extension that separate substances (such as bacteria or dead body cells) from external environment

A

Pseudopods

56
Q

Is a protective mechanism not a means of getting nutrients

A

Phagocytosis

57
Q

Types of endocytosis that is considered “ cell drinking”

A

Pinocytosis

58
Q
  • cell “ gulps” droplets of extra cellular fluid containing dissolved, protein or fats
  • Plasma membrane forms a pit and edges fuse around droplet of fluid
  • routine activity for most cells, such as those involved in absorption (small intestine)
A

Pinocytosis

59
Q

Another type of endocytosis

A

Receptor – mediated endocytosis

60
Q

Method for taking up specific target molecules and it’s receptor proteins on the membrane surface bind only certain substances

A

Receptor – mediated endocytosis

61
Q

Highly selective process of taking in substances such as enzymes, some hormones, cholesterol, and iron

A

Receptor – meditated endocytosis

ANAPHY BSC3 (4 decks)

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