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ANAPHY BSC3 > Cell Divisions > Flashcards

Cell Divisions Flashcards

1
Q

Is the series of changes the cell experiences from the time it is formed until it divides

A

Cell life cycle

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2
Q

Cell life cycle has two major periods

A

1) interphase ( metabolic phase)
2) cell division

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3
Q

In this phase cell grows and carries on metabolic processes, and it is longer phase of the cell cycle

A

Interphase

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4
Q

Cell reproduces itself

A

Cell divisions

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5
Q

For events in the interphase

A

G1
S (Synthesis or replication of DNA)
G2
G0

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6
Q

8 to 10 hours cell metabolically, organelle, duplication and cytosolic components, centrosome replication begins

A

G1

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7
Q

4 to 6 hours cell growth continues; enzymes and other proteins are synthesized; centrosome replication completed

A

G2

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8
Q

DNA replication

A

S (synthesis)

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9
Q

Exit from cell cycle

A

G0

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10
Q

Genetic material is duplicated and readies a cell for division into two cells

A

DNA replication

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11
Q

Occurs toward the end of interphase

A

DBA Replication

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12
Q

Nucleotides are complementary

____________ Always bonds with thymine (T)

____________ always bonds with cytosine (C)

A

1) Adenine
2) Guanine

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13
Q

Events of cell division

A

1) mitosis
2) cytokinesis

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14
Q

It is divisions of the nucleus and results in the formation of two daughter nuclei

A

Mitosis

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15
Q

It is divisions of the nucleus and results in the formation of two daughter nuclei

A

Mitosis

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16
Q

Division of the cytoplasm

Where it begins when mitosis is near completion and results formation of two daughter cells

A

Cytokinesis

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17
Q

Events of mitosis: ____________

Chromatin coils into chromosomes, identical strands called CHROMOSOMES are hold together by the CENTROMERE

A

Prophase

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18
Q

Events of mitosis: ____________

Centrioles direct assembly of a mitotic spindle and the

Nuclear envelope and nucleoli have broken down

A

Prophase

19
Q

Events of mitosis: ____________

Chromosomes are aligned in the center of the cell on the metaphase plate

Straight line of chromosomes is now seen

A

Metaphase

20
Q

Events of mitosis: ____________

Centromere splits
Chromatids move slowly apart, and toward the opposite end of the cell
It is over when the chromosome stopped moving

A

Anaphase

21
Q

It is reverse of prophase

A

Telophase

22
Q

Events of mitosis: ____________

Chromosomes uncoil to become chromatin

Spindles breakdown and disappear

Nuclear envelope reforms around chromatin

Nuclei appear in each of the daughter nuclei

A

Telophase

23
Q

is division of the cytoplasm

A

Cytokinesis

24
Q

Begins during late anaphase and completes during telophase

A

Cytokinesis

25
Q

A _________________ (contractile ring of microfilaments) forms to pinch the cells into two parts

A

Cytokinesis

26
Q

In this phase to daughter cells exist

A

Cytokinesis

27
Q

Cytoplasm is common in the

A

Liver and skeletal muscle

28
Q

DNA serves as a blueprint for making proteins

A

Protein synthesis

29
Q

DNA segment that carries a blueprint for building one protein or polypeptide chain

A

Gene

30
Q

1) Proteins are the building materials for cells

2) proteins can add as enzymes (biological catalyst)

A

1) fibrous (structural) proteins

2) globular (functional) proteins

31
Q

Most ribosomes, the manufacturing sites of proteins are located in the ____________

A

Cytoplasm

32
Q

Both the decoder and Messenger functions of DNA are carried out by ____________

A

Ribonucleic acid RNA

33
Q

RNA is ____________

RNA contains (2)

A

Single- stranded

1) Ribose sugar

2) uracil

34
Q

Three varieties of RNA

1) transfers appropriate amino acids to the ribosome for building the protein

2) carries the instructions for building a protein from the nucleus to the ribosome

3) Helps form the ribosomes where proteins are built

A

1) Transfer RNA

2) messenger RNA

3) ribosomal RNA

35
Q

Protein synthesis involves two major phases

A

1) transcription
2) translation

36
Q

Transfer of information from the DNAs base sequence to the complimentary base sequence of MRNA

A

Transcription

37
Q

____________ is the template for transcription: ____________ is the product

A

DNA
mRNA

38
Q

Base sequence of nucleic acid is translated to an amino acids

A

Translation

39
Q

Occurs in the cytoplasm and involves three major varieties of RNA

A

Translation

40
Q

Is steps for translations where mRNA leaves nucleus and attaches the ribosomes and translations begins

A

Step 2

41
Q

In this step release, the RNA re-enters the cytoplasmic pool ready to be recharged with new amino acid

A

Step 5

42
Q

Incoming tRNA recognizes COMPLIMENTARY MRNA codon calling for its amino acid by temporarily binding its anticodon to the codon

A

Step 3

43
Q

As the ribosomes moves along, the mRNA, a new amino acid is added to the growing protein chain

A

Step 4

44
Q

Cells divide for

A

1) repair
2) growth
3) maintenance

ANAPHY BSC3 (4 decks)

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