Membrane structure and function

Question 1

primary active transport

Answer 1

primary active transport- uses the energy of ATP hydrolysis to drive cargo against its chemical gradient

Question 2

secondary active transport

Answer 2

secondary active transport- uses the energy stored in an electrochemical gradient (typically Na+) to drive cargo against its concentration gradient

Question 3

** p-type pumps **

Answer 3

ion transport pumps that use ATP to pump ions across membranes

Question 4

**ABC pumps **

Answer 4

pumps molecules against gradients while hydrolyzing ATP

(frequently cause resistance by taking drugs out of target cells)

Question 5

F type pumps

Answer 5

uses ion gradients to produce ATP

(atp synthase)

Question 6

V type pumps

Answer 6

uses ATP to produce hydrogen ion gradients

(lysosomes)

Question 7

voltage gated ion channels

Answer 7

Voltage gated ion channels open based on concentration gradients of ions

Question 8

ligand-gated ion channels

Answer 8

the binding of a ligand opens a channel to allow ions to pass

• ligands can be either cytosolic or extracellular

Question 9

mechanical gated ion channel

Answer 9

perturbation of plasma membrane causes the mechanical gate to open