membrane bound vesicles & cytoskeleton

Question 1

describe the structure of lysosome

Answer 1

• heterogeneous morphology
• 0.4-0.5 nm diameter
• single outer lysosomal membrane
• 40 powerful digestive enzymes

Question 2

explain the function of lysosome

Answer 2

• phagocytosis , digestion of old organelles
• primary lysosome buds off golgi apparatus n fuse with endosome n phagosomes
• forms secondary lysosome
• digestion

Question 3

explain about the ‘ Tay-saccs disease’

Answer 3

( absence of digestive enzymes that causes the acummulation of digested component )
1. absence of hexoamidase A enzyme
2. accumulation fatty acid = destruction of brain n nerve cells
3. disrupts the func of CNS

Question 4

describe structure of peroxisomes

Answer 4

• rounded organelles ( 0.5-1 nm)
• bound by single membrane ( granular mix )
• crystal-like core/nucleoid
• 1:4 of mitochondria

Question 5

list the function of peroxisomes

Answer 5

• site of molecular oxygen ( like mitochondria )
• got oxidative enzyme for oxidation
• remove H+ ions from specific organic substrates
• hydrogen peroxide as by product n needs to b removed immediately

Question 6

what is the hydrogen peroxide function as after being a byproduct

Answer 6

• oxidise alcohol, formaldehyde, phenols, produce water

Question 7

what enzyme does peroxisomes have to breakdown fatty acids

Answer 7

B-oxidative enzymes

Question 8

a defect in peroxisomes can cause abnormalities in infants in brain, liver, kidney, death after birth. what is the disease called

Answer 8

Zellweger Syndrome

Question 9

where is insulin contained

Answer 9

• insulin is contained in granules
• in beta cells of Islets of Langerhans
• in pancreatic islets
• released when elevated glucose level

Question 10

explain about the GPS ( Grey Platelet Syndrome ) aka Storage Pool Deficiency

Answer 10

• lack of granules in proteins
• ## lack of blood clotting