Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Dermoscopy > Melanoma > Flashcards

Melanoma Flashcards

1
Q

Atypical pigment network is a melanoma specific structure

A

True

Atypical pigment network
Angulated lines
Negative pigment network
Streaks
Crystalline structures
Atypical dots and globules
Off-centre blotch or multiple asymmetrically located blotches
Regression structures
Blue-white veil overlying raised areas
Atypical vascular structures 
Peripheral tan structureless areas
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Angulated lines is a melanoma specific structure

A

True

Atypical pigment network
Angulated lines
Negative pigment network
Streaks
Crystalline structures
Atypical dots and globules
Off-centre blotch or multiple asymmetrically located blotches
Regression structures
Blue-white veil overlying raised areas
Atypical vascular structures 
Peripheral tan structureless areas
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Negative pigment network is a melanoma specific structure

A

True

Atypical pigment network
Angulated lines
Negative pigment network
Streaks
Crystalline structures
Atypical dots and globules
Off-centre blotch or multiple asymmetrically located blotches
Regression structures
Blue-white veil overlying raised areas
Atypical vascular structures 
Peripheral tan structureless areas
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Streaks I.e. pseudopods and radial streaming is a melanoma specific structure

A

True

Atypical pigment network
Angulated lines
Negative pigment network
Streaks
Crystalline structures
Atypical dots and globules
Off-centre blotch or multiple asymmetrically located blotches
Regression structures
Blue-white veil overlying raised areas
Atypical vascular structures 
Peripheral tan structureless areas
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Crystalline structures is a melanoma specific structure

A

True

Atypical pigment network
Angulated lines
Negative pigment network
Streaks
Crystalline structures
Atypical dots and globules
Off-centre blotch or multiple asymmetrically located blotches
Regression structures
Blue-white veil overlying raised areas
Atypical vascular structures 
Peripheral tan structureless areas
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Atypical dots or globules is a melanoma specific structure

A

True

Atypical pigment network
Angulated lines
Negative pigment network
Streaks
Crystalline structures
Atypical dots and globules
Off-centre blotch or multiple asymmetrically located blotches
Regression structures
Blue-white veil overlying raised areas
Atypical vascular structures 
Peripheral tan structureless areas
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Off centre blotch or multiple asymmetrically located blotches is a melanoma specific structure

A

True

Atypical pigment network
Angulated lines
Negative pigment network
Streaks
Crystalline structures
Atypical dots and globules
Off-centre blotch or multiple asymmetrically located blotches
Regression structures
Blue-white veil overlying raised areas
Atypical vascular structures 
Peripheral tan structureless areas
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Regression structures I.e. white scar-like depigmentation, blue-grey granularity, peppering is a melanoma specific structure

A

True

Atypical pigment network
Angulated lines
Negative pigment network
Streaks
Crystalline structures
Atypical dots and globules
Off-centre blotch or multiple asymmetrically located blotches
Regression structures
Blue-white veil overlying raised areas
Atypical vascular structures 
Peripheral tan structureless areas
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Blue-white veil overlying raised areas is a melanoma specific structure

A

True

Atypical pigment network
Angulated lines
Negative pigment network
Streaks
Crystalline structures
Atypical dots and globules
Off-centre blotch or multiple asymmetrically located blotches
Regression structures
Blue-white veil overlying raised areas
Atypical vascular structures 
Peripheral tan structureless areas
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Atypical vascular structures is a melanoma specific structure

A

True

Atypical pigment network
Angulated lines
Negative pigment network
Streaks
Crystalline structures
Atypical dots and globules
Off-centre blotch or multiple asymmetrically located blotches
Regression structures
Blue-white veil overlying raised areas
Atypical vascular structures 
Peripheral tan structureless areas
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Peripheral tan structure less areas is a melanoma specific structure

A

True

Atypical pigment network
Angulated lines
Negative pigment network
Streaks
Crystalline structures
Atypical dots and globules
Off-centre blotch or multiple asymmetrically located blotches
Regression structures
Blue-white veil overlying raised areas
Atypical vascular structures 
Peripheral tan structureless areas
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Atypical pigment network is characterised by increased variability in the width of the network lines, their colour and distribution. The hole sizes also have increased variability.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Angulated lines create a zig-zag pattern or coalesce to create polygonal structures I.e. rhomboids

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Negative pigment network are serpiginous interconnecting hypopigmented lines which surround irregularly shaped pigmented structures that resemble elongated curvilinear globules.

A

It can be seen diffusely throughout the lesion or focally and asymmetrically within the lesion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Streak (pseudopods) are finger-like projections with small knobs at their tips

A

Whereas radial streaming are the same structures without knobs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Streaks (radial streaming) are finger-like projections

A

Whereas pseudopods are the same structures with small knobs at their tips

17
Q

Streaks (I.e. pseudopods and radial streaming) are radial projections located at the periphery of the lesion which extend from the tumour to the surrounding normal skin

A

Irregular, asymmetrical and focally distributed streaks are highly suggestive of melanoma

18
Q

Crystalline structures are shiny white linear streaks often parallel to each other

A

Also known as shiny white streaks/lines

19
Q

Atypical dots and globules (globules larger than dots) are round structures which may be black, brown, blue/grey/white in colour, usually multiple and of differing sizes, shapes, colours

A

Often at periphery of lesion

20
Q

Off-centre blotch are dark brown to black homogenous areas with varying hues of pigment, usually asymmetrically/focally towards periphery of the lesion or present as multiple blotches

A

Eccentric peripheral hyperpigmentation is often found in melanoma

21
Q

Regression structures consist of peppering and scar-like areas often asymmetrically located and involve >50% of the lesion in melanoma

A

True

22
Q

Blue-white veil overlying raised areas is a confluence blue pigmentation of varying hues with an overlying white ground glass haze

A

Tend to be asymmetrically located or diffusely present throughout the lesion

23
Q

Atypical vascular structures is defined by:

A 
Dotted vessels over milky red background
Serpentine vessels (linear and irregular vessels)
Corkscrew vessels (usually in modular melanoma, desmoplastic melanoma, melanoma mets)
Polymorphous vessels (2 or more vessel morphologies)
24
Q

Peripheral tan structureless areas is a structureless light brown area at the periphery of the lesion and encompassing >10% of a lesion’s area

A

True

25
Q

Amelanotic melanomas have atypical vascular structures (dotted, serpentine) and crystalline structures (shiny white streaks/lines)

A

Vascular structures (dotted, serpentine, corkscrew) are the main and most commonly observed structure, and may be the only clue for the diagnosis of melanoma, particularly amelanotic nodular melanoma

26
Q

Hypomelanotic melanomas may also have peripheral tan structureless areas

A

True

27
Q

On Dermoscopy, pure nodular melanomas do not have any pigment network, pseudo-network or regression structures

A

Pigmented nodular melanomas have blue-white veil, crystalline structures, irregular blotches, atypical dots and globules, pink or black colours

28
Q

Some nodular melanomas may present with pseudo-lagoons

A

These are red lacunae-like structures that are not separated by septae (as is the norm for haemangiomas), and have vessels through them

29
Q

Desmoplastic melanoma can be subclassified into pure vs mixed desmoplastic melanoma

A

Pure desmoplastic melanoma is less likely to have regional lymph node involvement , and has a more favourable outcome

Mixed desmoplastic melanoma is associated with higher locoregional recurrence

30
Q

Desmoplastic melanoma most commonly have the following me;anima specific feature:

A 
Atypical vascular structures
Regression structures 
Blue-white veil
Atypical globules
Atypical pigment network 
Crystalline structures
31
Q

The most common non-desmoplastic melanoma associated with mixed desmoplstic melanoma is lentigo maligna

A

It is because of this association it is recommended that all suspected lentigo maligna lesions be palpated to ensure there is no subcutaneous firmness associated with them

32
Q

Negative pigment network occurs in Spitz naevi and melanoma arising in naevi

A

T

33
Q

Angulated lines on the face are called rhomboidal structures and are highly suggestive of lentigo maligna

A

Angulated lines outside the face are called polygons and are highly suggestive of lentiginous melanoma on chronically sun exposed sites (synonymous with lentigo maligna, a specific term for the face)

34
Q

Occasionally one can see white globules with melanocytic nests with balloon cell changes

A

T

35
Q

Irregular globules distributed eccentrically at the periphery of a tan to pink papulonodule should raise the suspicion of a BAP-1 inactivated melanocytic tumour

A

T

36
Q

When streaks are located symmetrically around the entire lesion, they favour a Reed naevus

A

When streaks are located asymmetrically, they favour a superficial spreading melanoma

37
Q

Homogenous blue pattern can be seen in

A

Blue naevi
Combined naevi
Pigmented nodular melanoma
Primary or metastatic melanoma

38
Q

When evaluating a blue lesion, the clinical history is paramount

Stable and longstanding lesions - favour blue naevus

New lesion in patient with history melanoma - raises concern for metastatic melanoma

A

T

39
Q

Comma vessels

A 
Intradermal naevus (monomorphous)
Melanoma (polymorphous)

Dermoscopy (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions