Meiosis Worksheet Flashcards
During which phase do chromosomes first become visible?
Prophase
Diploid vs. Haploid
Diploid cells have the total number of chromosomes, haploid cells have half
Germ cell
A cell that develops into a reproductive cell (either an egg or a sperm)
How are chromosomes counted?
by the centromere
What are homologous pairs?
Matching sets of chromosomes
Process of making eggs (ovum)
oogenesis
Process of making sperm
Spermatogenesis
What do you call the 3 useless cells made during oogenesis
polar bodies
What do you call the one useable egg cell
oocyte
When does crossing over happen? What do you call chromatids that combine and chromatids that don’t?
Prophase, recombinant chromatids and non-recombinant chromatids
A gamete usually has how much genetic information is found in the diploid germ cell?
1/2
What do you call the process of touching before crossing over?
synapsis
A gamete contains _ allele per gene
1
What is the law of segregation?
👉 Each individual has two alleles for a given gene, and these alleles separate (segregate) during gamete formation, so each gamete receives only one allele per gene.
How many gametes would be made in a dihybrid cross?
Each parent will produce four possible gametes because of independent assortment (since the genes are on different chromosomes). For a genotype like AaBb:
What is klinefelter’s syndrome
In Klinefelter’s syndrome, males have an extra X chromosome (making them XXY instead of XY). This condition typically results in:
Reduced testosterone levels
Infertility
Possible developmental issues
What is down syndrome?
Down syndrome is caused by a trisomy of chromosome 21, meaning there are three copies of chromosome 21 rather than the typical two. Individuals with Down syndrome often have:
Intellectual disability
Distinct physical features (e.g., almond-shaped eyes, flat facial features)
Increased risk for certain health conditions
