CELL CYCLE QUIZ AAAAAA

Question 1

2 Reasons for the cell cycle

Answer 1

1. Replace old/damaged cells
2. Growth/development of organism

Question 2

Purpose of G1 and its checkpoint

Answer 2

A big growth spurt, produces proteins necessary for later steps. It’s checkpoint searches for DNA damage, adequate size.

Question 3

Purpose of G0

Answer 3

branches off of G1
cell exists the cell cycle and stops dividing

Question 4

Purpose of synthesis

Answer 4

DNA replication occurs

Question 5

Purpose of Gap 2 and its Checkpoint

Answer 5

The cell continues to grow and prepares for mitosis. Its checkpoint checks for DNA replication errors back in synthesis before entering mitosis

Question 6

What is the purpose of mitosis and it’s checkpoint.

Answer 6

The cell divides its duplicated chromosomes and cytoplasm. The checkpoint during metaphase makes sure the spindle fibers are correctly attached to chromosomes.

Question 7

Parts of the cell cycle in order:

Answer 7

G1 (with checkpoint)
G0 (optional)
Synthesis
G2 (with checkpoint)
Mitosis

Question 8

Role of CDK and cyclin

Answer 8

Signal timing of each phase and serve as supervisors for various checkpoints.

Question 9

Role of p53 enzyme

Answer 9

Enzyme that stops cell division if DNA is damaged. The cell will either repair itself or if the damage is too severe, trigger the cell to self-destruct (apoptosis)

Question 10

How do tumors form?

Answer 10

Mutated DNA somehow alters CDK-cyclin/p53 and duplicates with genetic errors that lead to uncontrolled cell division, so the cell can’t stop dividing even if there is DNA damage.