Meiosis and Mitosis Flashcards
Associate the process to its function
1) Mitosis
2) Meiosis
a) Produce somatic cells
b) create genetic variation
1-a 2-b
Does crossover occur in mitosis, meiosis I, or meiosis II?
Meiosis I
What is crossover?
Exchange of DNA between homologous chromosomes
A diploid cell undergoes mitosis, what is its ploidy level in late metaphase?
2n
A diploid cell with n=7 undergoes meiosis, how many single-stranded chromosomes are there in prophase I?
0, all chromosomes are double-stranded in prophase I
A diploid cell with n=5 undergoes meiosis II, what is its ploidy level in anaphase II?
2n (only phase of meiosis II which is not 1n)
A diploid cell with n=4 undergoes mitosis, how many chromatids are there in the cell after prometaphase?
16 chromatids (8 chromosomes)
A triploid cell has n=5, how many double-stranded chromosomes are there in G1?
0, all are single-stranded in G1
Which checkpoint (G1/S, G2/M, or M) blocks access to the start of mitosis and meiosis?
G2/M
Can mitosis produce new organisms?
Yes, in asexual reproduction
In which stage of meiosis do tetrads form?
Prophase I
A triploid cell with n=10 undergoes mitosis. How many chromosomes are there in the cell at the end of anaphase?
60 (2x3n=6n in anaphase)
Do gametes undergo mitosis or meiosis?
Meiosis
What are three requirements (cell components) for cells to divide in all types of anaphase?
Spindle fibers, centrosomes, and kinetochores
When do chromosomes become double-stranded in interphase?
During the S-Phase
A 4n=32 cell undergoes mitosis, how many sets of chromosomes are there at the end of prometaphase?
4
What is chiasma? Is it present in mitosis, meiosis I, or meiosis II?
It is the point of contact between two chromatids of homologous chromosomes during (or after) crossover. It is present in meiosis I
True or false? Meiosis produces 4 identical daughter cells.
False, it produces unique cells
True or False? Mitosis produces two identical haploid cells
False, it produces diploid cells
How is genetic variation created in meiosis? Give 2 ways.
Possible answers: Crossing over, independant assortment, and random fertilization
True or false? Chromosomes align at the cell equator during metaphase I
False, tetrads align, not chromosomes.
What is the equivalent of tetrads, but for plants?
Bivalents
How are gametes undergoing meiosis called in plants?
Spores
True or false? Interkinesis occurs directly after telophase I
True
