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Bio > Final Quiz Review > Flashcards

Final Quiz Review Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Reproduce is a characteristic of life. Provide an example of a living organism that cannot reproduce.

A

Sterile

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2
Q

Reproduce is a characteristic of life. Provide an example of a NON-living thing that can reproduce

A

Virus

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3
Q

You have been given a sample and asked to determine if it is alive. What would you expect to observe if it can reproduce?

A

If it can reproduce, a new individual will develop and DNA containing genes will be passed along to the organism’s offspring.

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4
Q

Grow is a characteristic of life. Provide an example of something that is NON-living but can grow

A

Crystal/Fire

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5
Q

You have been given a sample and asked to determine if it is alive. What would you expect to observe in the sample can grow?

A

If the sample can grow, either its length or its width will increase visibly as a result of genes providing specific instructions.

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6
Q

Requires energy to metabolize is a characteristic of life. Provide an example of a NON-living thing that requires energy.

A

Computer/Cellphone

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7
Q

You have been given a sample and asked to determine if it is alive. What would you expect to observe if the sample can use energy to metabolize?

A

There will be presence of some form of toxic waste.

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8
Q

Which type of macromolecule is composed of nucleotides?

A

Nucleic Acids

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9
Q

Which types of macromolecules can be used to provide energy?

A

Proteins, Lipids, Carbohydrates

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10
Q

While dining in the restaurant, At the End of the Universe, you came across an orangey-colored, unicellular photoautotroph with 2 nuclei. Into which kingdom would you classify this exotic organism? Classify the organism as either bacteria, protist, fungus, animal, or plant

A

Protist

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11
Q

Which macromolecule is mentioned in the following sentence? Bacterial cell walls have cross-linked chains of peptidoglycan

A

Carbohydrates

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12
Q

Corn plants have a haploid number of 10. How many chromosomes are in a corn leaf cell at the end of metaphase?

A

20

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13
Q

Which cell cycle stages have single-stranded chromosomes at the end of the stage?

A

G1/Anaphase

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14
Q

Corn plants have a haploid number of 10. What is the ploidy level of a corn leaf cell at the end of metaphase?

A

2n

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15
Q

What is the ploidy level represented in this cell?

A

2n-1

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16
Q

What is the haploid number represented in the figure of chromosomes in a cell?

A

3

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17
Q

Identify the type of chromosomal rearrangement, if any.

A

Translocation

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18
Q

What is wrong with the chromosomal arrangement in this figure?

A

The homologues should not be paired

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19
Q

What is wrong in this figure, if anything?

A

Nothing

20
Q

If two heterozygous mice are mated, what proportion of the offspring would be expected to have the same phenotype as the parents for a gene with incomplete dominance?

A

1/2

21
Q

Consider the cross of a homozygous red mouse with a heterozygous white mouse. What is the genotype of the red mouse?

A

ww

22
Q

Four different crosses of pea plants produced the results presented in the table below. What are all the possible genotypes of the parents of cross number 2.

A

BB x BB / BB x Bb / BB x bb

23
Q

A pea plant has the genotype AABB. What proportion of its gametes would be expected to have A and B alleles?

A

All

24
Q

What proportion of the offspring from the cross of AABbDd x aaBbdd are expected to be AaBBDd? write the answer as a fraction.

A

1/8

25
Q

What is the probability of producing a red mouse from the cross of a red mouse with a heterozygous white mouse?

A

1/2

26
Q

In bean plants, heterozygotes for the color gene produce pink beans while homozygotes produce either red or white beans. Round bean shape is dominant to wrinkled. If bean plants that are heterozygous for both genes are crossed, how many different genotypes would be expected in the F1?

A

9

27
Q

Crosses between short-tailed mice produce litters consisting of 2/3 short-tailed mice and 1/3 normal-tailed mice. This is consistent with which of the following inheritance patterns?

A

Lethal Alleles

28
Q

When true-breeding brown dogs are mated with true-breeding white dogs, all the F1 pups are white. When F1 x F1 crosses are made, the F2 progeny are 12/16 white, 3/16 black and 1/16 brown pups. This is consistent with which of the following inheritance patterns?

A

Epistasis

29
Q

Two brown-eyed parents have brown-eyed, green-eyed, and blue-eyed children. This is consistent with which of the following inheritance patterns?

A

Epistasis

30
Q

Brachydactyly (very short fingers) is an extremely rare autosomal dominant phenotype. The ability to taste the chemical phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) is also autosomal dominant. A man is brachydactylous and his wife is not. Both can taste PTC, but their mothers cannot.

What could be the genotype of the woman?

A

rrDd

31
Q

When true-breeding brown dogs are mated with true-breeding white dogs, all the F1 pups are white. When F1 x F1 crosses are made, the F2 progeny are 12/16 white, 3/16 black and 1/16 brown pups. What could be the genotype of the white puppies?

A

A-B- / aaB- / A-bb

32
Q

Red-green color blindness is caused by an X-linked recessive allele in humans. A normal woman with a colorblind father mates with a colorblind man. What is the probability that they will produce a colorblind daughter?

A

1/4

33
Q

Red-green color blindness is caused by an X-linked recessive allele in humans. A normal woman with a colorblind father mates with a colorblind man. What is the genotype of the father of the normal woman?

A

XaY

34
Q

Hypophosphatemia is caused by an X-linked dominant gene in humans. A man with hypophosphatemia mates with a normal woman. What proportion of their children are expected to have hypophosphatemia?

A

1/2

35
Q

If the pedigree below shows the inheritance pattern of an autosomal recessive trait, what would be the genotype of the grandmother?

A

Aa

36
Q

If the pedigree below shows the inheritance pattern of an X-linked dominant trait, what would be the genotype of the grandfather?

A

XAY

37
Q

In the pedigree below, the symbols represent an abnormal phenotype inherited in a simple Mendelian manner. Is the abnormal condition dominant or recessive?

A

Recessive

38
Q

In the pedigree below, the symbols represent an abnormal phenotype inherited in a simple Mendelian manner. What is the genotype of III,5?

A

aa

39
Q

If thymine makes up 21% of the bases in a specific DNA molecule, what percentage of the bases is cytosine?

A

29%

40
Q

Describe one structural feature of pre-mRNA not found in mRNA or tRNA

A

pre-mRNA has introns

41
Q

RNA polymerase starts transcription at a promoter region in cells of

a. prokaryotes
b. eukaryotes
c. both
d. neither

A

C

42
Q

nucleotides are added to the 3’ end of the RNA being synthesized during transcription in cells of

a. prokaryotes
b. eukaryotes
c. both
d. neither

A

C

43
Q

Which strand will be used as the template for transcription?

A

Bottom

44
Q

What sequence of mRNA that would be transcribed from the sample DNA (INCLUDE CARBONS)

5’ CATTACGCA 3’

A

3’ GUAAUGCGU 5’

45
Q
A

Bio (15 decks)

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