Meiosis 9 Flashcards
Embryo
Develops a form of zygote.
How many body cells do humans have.
46 chromosomes
Diploid
2 set of chromosomes
Haploid
1 set of chromosomes
The process of meiosis produce gametes with ________ as body cells
1/2 the number of chromosomes (23 from each parent)
Sexual Reproduction
Requires 2 parents and increases genetic diversity.
Gametes
Specialized cells; sperm from males and eggs from females.
Genetic Diversity
Variety in species.
Homologous chromosomes
Matching chromosomes
Zygote
New diploid cell formed by the process of fertilization.
Meiosis 1
Starts with a diploid cell and ends with 2 haploid cells
Meiosis 2
Starts with a diploid cell and ends with 4 haploid cells.
Interphase 1
Same as everything in mitosis
Fertilization
Process in which from two parents combine.
Prophase 1
Chromosomes begins to condense and pair up. Align with their homologous partner so they match up.
Prophase 2
Daughter cells only have 1 copy of each homologous chromosome
No synapsis/crossing over.
Metaphase 2
Sister chromatids line up across the middle of the cell and is completely random.
Anaphase 2
Pulled to the end of the cell.
Telophase 2
Cytoplasm is reformed
2 cells one cytoplasm
Cytokinesis
Separation of 2 cells resulting in 4 unique haploid cells.
Gametes
Interphase
G1: Growth and preparation
S: DNA replication
G2: Grows more and prepares for mitosis
Prophase Early
Replicated DNA coil into x-shape chromosomes
Prophase Late
Spindle fibres attach to centromere
Metaphase
Spindle fibres pull the chromosomes into a single line.
