Chapter 1 9

Question 1

Matter

Answer 1

Anything that has mass and volume.

Question 2

What is all matter made up of?

Answer 2

Very small particles

Question 3

Mass

Answer 3

The amount of matter in an object.

Question 4

Volume

Answer 4

The amount of a space an object occupies.

Question 5

Density

Answer 5

Amount of mass in a certain volume of a substance.

Question 6

Element

Answer 6

A pure substance that is made up of only 1 type of atom. Cannot be broken down into simpler substances.

Question 7

Each of the three states of matter can change when _______ is added or removed.

Answer 7

heat

Question 8

Conductivity

Answer 8

Describes how easily electricity or heat can move through material.

Question 9

_______ energy is the energy of movement.

Answer 9

Kinetic

Question 10

Solid

Answer 10

Particles that are packed so tightly together that they can only vibrate in place.

Question 11

Liquid

Answer 11

Particles that are father apart and can slide past each other.

Question 12

Gas

Answer 12

Particles that are very far apart and move around freely and quickly.

Question 13

The kinetic molecular theory describes what happens to the particles of matter during a _______

Answer 13

charge of state.

Question 14

Oxygen and gold are examples of ________, which cannot be broken down or separated into simpler substances.

Answer 14

elements

Question 15

What is removed from gaseous gold to cause it to change to a liquid?

Answer 15

Heat energy

Question 16

What change of state occurs at Gaseous gold –(l)–> Liquid gold?

Answer 16

Condensation

Question 17

What change of state occurs at Liquid gold –(ll)–> Solid gold

Answer 17

Solidification or freezing

Question 18

What happens to the temperature as solid gold turns to a liquid?

Answer 18

Temperature increases

Question 19

Describe the change in kinetic energy as the temperature increases.

Answer 19

Kinetic energy increases and the particles spread out more so that they can slide past one another,

Question 20

Describe the change in the arrangement of the gold particles as heat energy is added.

Answer 20

The particles spread out more and move freely to spread out farther and faster.

Question 21

Kinetic Molecular Theory

Answer 21

Particles are constantly moving.
All matter is made up of very small particles.
There are empty spaces between particles in a substance.

Question 22

What happens when heat is added to a substance?

Answer 22

Particles gain kinetic energy and vibrate faster.

Question 23

Melting point

Answer 23

The temperature which a solid changes into a liquid.

Question 24

Boiling point

Answer 24

The temperature which a liquid changes into a gas.

Question 25

( - ) ( - ) outside layer

Answer 25

Electron

Question 26

( - ) ( - ) around the nucleus

Answer 26

Shell

Question 27

( + ) ( + ) in the middle

Answer 27

Proton

Question 28

( - ) ( - ) in the middle

Answer 28

Neutron

Question 29

( + ) ( + ) , ( - ) ( - ) in the middle

Answer 29

Nucleus

Question 30

Dalton

Answer 30

Suggested that all matter is made of atoms.

Question 31

Bohr

Answer 31

Proposed that electrons exist in energy levels called shells or orbitals.

Question 32

Rutherford

Answer 32

Discovered the nucleus and its subatomic particles. He suggested that the nucleus was made up of positive charged particles called protons and particles with no charge called neutrons.

Question 33

Thomson

Answer 33

Proposed the "raisin bun" model of atom. | Observed streams of negatively charged particles in gas discharge tubes.

Question 34

What was not apart of Rutherford's atomic theory?

Answer 34

Most of the mass of the atom is concentrated in electrons.

Question 35

What is the electrical charge of the nucleus of an atom?

Answer 35

Positive charge

Question 36

Three Stages of Matter

Answer 36

Solid, liquid, and gas.

Question 37

What were the first elements?

Answer 37

Water, Fire, Earth, Air

Question 38

What were the first elements proposed by?

Answer 38

Alchemists (European)

Question 39

What is atom made out of?

Answer 39

Subatomic particles

Question 40

What are the three atoms?

Answer 40

Electron, Proton, and Neutron

Question 41

What was the purpose of the alchemists?

Answer 41

To change metal into gold.

Question 42

What are the three categories of elements?

Answer 42

Non metal, Metals, or Metalloids

Question 43

Metal properties:

Answer 43

``` Shiny metallic appearance Solid at room temperature High melting/density points Malleable Ductile Electric conductors Thermal conductors Large atomic radii ```

Question 44

Non-metal properties:

Answer 44

Poor conductors of electricity and heat Non-Ductile Transparent Can be solid, liquid, or gas

Question 45

Metalloids properties:

Answer 45

``` Solid Can be shiny or dull May conduct electricity Poor conductors of heat Non-Ductile ```

Question 46

Chemical symbol

Answer 46

A universally recognized rotation method of representing an element.

Question 47

Rules for element symbol?

Answer 47

Have 1 or 2 letters First letter is capitalized Second letter is lowercase

Question 48

Chemical property

Answer 48

A substance ability to react when combined with another substance to form a new product.

Question 49

Physical property

Answer 49

Matter that can be measured or observed.

Question 50

Most of the atoms mass is the _______?

Answer 50

Nucleus

Question 51

Most of the atoms volume is______?

Answer 51

e-

Question 52

Describe protons, electrons, and neutrons.

Answer 52

Protons have positive charge, electrons have a negative charge, and neutrons have no electric charge.

Question 53

Changes of state

Answer 53

``` Solidification/Freezing Melting Evaporation Condensation Sublimation Deposition ```

Question 54

Physical change

Answer 54

The original substance still exists, it has only changed in form.

Question 55

Chemical change

Answer 55

A new substance is produced.

Question 56

Homogeneous

Answer 56

Looks the same though out.

Question 57

Heterogeneous

Answer 57

Does not look the same throughout.

Question 58

Which classes of matter are homogeneous?

Answer 58

Compound, Element, Solution

Question 59

Which classes of matter are heterogenous?

Answer 59

Suspension, Mechanical Mixture

Question 60

How do you determine if a substance is a element or a compound?

Answer 60

If its pure substance and is made up of 1 atom.