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SCIENCE > Exam 9 > Flashcards

Exam 9 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Positive (middle)

A

proton

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2
Q

negative (middle)

A

neutron

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3
Q

negative (outside shell)

A

electron

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4
Q

A charge that can move from one atom to another

A

electron (negative charge)

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5
Q

A neutral object has exactly the same number of?

A

protons and electrons

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6
Q

+-+-+-+-
-+-+-+-+
+-+-+-+-

A

neutral charge

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7
Q

+–+–
–+–+–
+–+–+

A

negative charge

it gained electrons

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8
Q

Neutral object

A

it is attracted to a positive surface

it is attracted to a negative surface

is has the same number of protons as electrons

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9
Q

How does electric force change as the amount of charge is increased?

A

Electric force increases

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10
Q

What is the relationship between distance and electric force?

A

if the distance between charged objects increases, the electric force decreases

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11
Q

Electrochemical cell

A

converts chemical energy into electrical energy

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12
Q

potential energy

A

stored energy

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13
Q

potential difference

A

another name for voltage

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14
Q

electrode

A

battery terminal

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15
Q

electrolyte

A

conducts electricity

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16
Q

Voltmeter

A

measure the of amount of potential difference (voltage) in a circuit

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17
Q

Unit for measuring potential difference

A

volt (V)

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18
Q

Different names for the same thing

A

battery

electrochemical cell

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19
Q

—— (A) ——

A

ammeter

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20
Q

Ampere

A

unit for electric current

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21
Q

ammeter

A

device used to measure current

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22
Q

Examples for electric load:

A

a motor

a heater

a light bulb

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23
Q

I = V / R

A

formula for current

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24
Q

R = V / I

A

formula for resistance

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25
Q

V = I x R

A

formula for voltage (symbols)

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26
Q

volts (V)

A

unit for voltage

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27
Q

ohms (Ω)

A

unit for resistance

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28
Q

amperes (A)

A

unit for current

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29
Q

Name of the law given to the mathematical relationship between voltage, current, and resistance?

A

Ohm’s law

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30
Q

Resistance

A

it resists the flow of electrons

it causes the electron’s electrical energy to be converted to heat and light energy

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31
Q

What happens if resistance is increased in a circuit?

A

Both voltage and current will decrease

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32
Q

—-〰️ 〰️—–

A

a resistor

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33
Q

6 V battery is connected to a 10 Ω resistor. What is the current flow?

A

0.6 A

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34
Q

Symbol for current

A

I

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35
Q

What is voltage

A

electric potential difference

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36
Q

ohmmeter

A

a device that measures the resistance in a circuit

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37
Q

dry cell

A 
positive terminal
plastic insulator
moist plate
carbon rod
negative terminal
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38
Q

wet cell

A 
positive terminal 
lead plate
battery solution
lead-dioxide plate
partition
negative terminal
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39
Q

Difference between dry/wet cell

A

Dry cell: used for flashlights, portable CD, and watches

Wet cell: used in cars, motorcycles, and electric wheelchair

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40
Q

Three laws of static charge

A

opposite charges attract

like charges repel

neutral objects are attracted to charged objects

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41
Q

(++++++) + (–++-+)

A

attract

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41
Q

(——) + (++++++)

A

attract

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41
Q

(——) + (–+++–)

A

attract

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41
Q

(——) + (——)

A

repel

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41
Q

(++++++) + (++++++)

A

repel

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42
Q

(——) + (++++++)

A

attract

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43
Q

if an atom loses an electron

A

positive charge

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44
Q

if an atom gains electrons

A

negative charge

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45
Q

examples of insulators

A

glass and acetate

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46
Q

examples of good conductors

A

metals like copper and aluminum

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47
Q

unit for electric charge

A

coulomb

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48
Q

to create a static charge

A

van da graaff generator

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49
Q

grounding

A

allow static charge to flow into earth’s surface

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50
Q

electric force

A

push or pull between charged objects

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51
Q

electroscope

A

device that can detect the presence of charge

52
Q

conduction

A

when objects touch and an electric charge is transferred

53
Q

induction

A

when objects are charged without touching

54
Q

resistor

A

used to control current or voltage

55
Q

current

A

amount of charge passing in a conductor

56
Q

voltage in circuit series

A

VT = V1 + V2

57
Q

Current in circuit series

A

IT = I1 = I2

58
Q

resistance in parallel series

A

R2 > R1

59
Q

voltage in parallel series

A

VT = V1 = V2

60
Q

current parallel series

A

IT = I1 + I2

61
Q

neutral particle that is made up of atoms that are joined together by covalent bonds

A

molecules

62
Q

repeating pattern of positive and negative ions

A

ionic lattice

63
Q

ion made up if two or more atoms that are joined together with covalent bonds

A

ionic compound

64
Q

atoms combine by sharing electrons to form molecules

A

covalent compound

65
Q

atoms in non-metals tend to gain

A

electrons

66
Q

can be formed when there is electron transfer between non-metals and metals

A

ionic bond

67
Q

formed due to the sharing of electrons between two non-metals

A

a molecule

a covalent bond

a covalent compound

68
Q

water is a(n)?

A

covalent compound

69
Q

when new products form

A

chemical change

70
Q

appearance of the substance change

A

physical change

71
Q

amount of space that a substance takes up

A

volume

72
Q

amount of mass in a certain volume of a substance

A

density

73
Q

measure of how easily electricity or heat can pass through

A

conductivity

74
Q

cannot be broken down into simpler substances

A

element

75
Q

amount of matter in an object

A

mass

76
Q

Kinetic molecular theory

A

particles are constantly moving

all matter is made up of very small particles

there are empty spaces between particles in a substance

77
Q

what happens when heat is added to a substance

A

particles gain kinetic energy and vibrate faster

78
Q

Discovered the nucleus

A

rutherford

79
Q

suggested that all matter is made of atoms

A

dalton

80
Q

proposed the ‘raisin bun’ model of the atom

A

thomson

81
Q

proposed that electrons exist in energy levels

A

bohr

82
Q

was not part of dalton’s theory

A

atoms can be created or destroyed

83
Q

was not part of rutherford’s theory

A

most of the mass of the atom is concentrated in electrons

84
Q

electrical charge of the nucleus of an atom

A

positive charge

85
Q

final stage of the cell cycle, separates nuclei and cell contents

A

cytokinesis

86
Q

first and longest stage of the cell cycle

A

interphase

87
Q

cell’s nucleus divided into two equal parts

A

mitosis

88
Q

tiny tubes structures made of protein

A

chromosomes

89
Q

chromosomes line up across the middle of the cell

A

metaphase

90
Q

duplicated chromosomes from into an X shape

A

prophase

91
Q

chromosomes move apart to opposite ends

A

anaphase

92
Q

nucleolus forms around the chromosome

A

telophase

93
Q

two sets of chromosomes

A

diploid number

94
Q

develops from a zygote

A

embryo

95
Q

gametes from two parents combine

A

fertilazation

96
Q

specialized cells; sperm and eggs

A

gametes

97
Q

variety in species

A

genetic diversity

98
Q

one set of chromosomes

A

haploid number

99
Q

matching chromosomes

A

homologous chromosomes

100
Q

produces off springs that genetically different from each other

A

sexual repoduction

101
Q

diploid cell formed by the process of fertilization

A

zygote

102
Q

human body cells have

A

46 chromosomes

103
Q

meiosis produces gametes with

A

23 chromosomes

104
Q

1 diploid cell -> 2 haploid cells

A

meiosis 1

105
Q

2 haploid cells -> 4 haploid cells

A

meiosis 2

106
Q

3 stages of embryonic development

A

ectoderm

mesoderm

endoderm

107
Q

develops skin and nervous system

brain and spinal cord are forming
fingers, ears and toes have appeared

A

ectoderm

108
Q

develops skeleton and reproductive organs

eyelids open
movements are felt
can survive outside of mother

A

mesoderm

109
Q

develops digestive system

rapid weight gain due to the growth and accumulation of fat

A

endoderm

110
Q

development of body structures from blastula

A

differentation

111
Q

development during first eight weeks

A

embryonic development

112
Q

brain and spinal cord form

A

four weeks

113
Q

movements form

A

sixteen weeks

114
Q

involves collecting sperm from male and injecting it into female

A

artificial insemination

115
Q

egg cell is mixed with sperm and injected into fallopian tubes

A

gamete intrafallopian tube

116
Q

fertilizing and egg cell in petri dish

A

vitro fertilization

117
Q

single sperm is injected into an egg cell

A

intracytoplasmic sperm injection

118
Q

embryos develop

A

uterus

119
Q

P= E/T

A

formula for power rating

120
Q

symbol for power

A

P

121
Q

Unit for power

A

W

122
Q

E= P*T

A

formula for electrical energy

123
Q

T=E/P

A

formula for how many hours or minutes

124
Q

Order of Mitosis

A 
Interphase 
Prophase 
Metaphase 
Anaphase 
Telophase
Cytokinesis
125
Q

Matter Diagram

A

Mixtures:
Mechanical Mixtures
Suspension

Pure substance:
Solutions
Compounds
Elements

126
Q

Types of mutations

A

Subtraction
Addition
Substition

127
Q

What does a body cell need?

A

Protein

128
Q

4 types of mutations

A

Bacteria
Radiation
Chemicals
Stress

129
Q

Male

A

XY

Male with always with Y

130
Q

Female

A

XX

Always all X

131
Q

Classes of matter that are homogeneous?

A

Compound
Element
Solution

132
Q

Classes of matter that were heterogeneous?

A

Suspension

Mechanical Mixture

133
Q

Three major groups of the periodic table?

A

Metal
Non-Metal
Metalloids

SCIENCE (9 decks)

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