Meiosis

Question 1

Genes

Answer 1

Hereditary unit; program specific traits

Question 2

Gametes

Answer 2

Reproductive cells; transmits genes from one generation to the next

Question 3

Somatic Cells

Answer 3

All cells of the body except gametes

Question 4

Locus

Answer 4

Gene’s specific location along the length of a chromosome

Question 5

Asexual Reproduction

Answer 5

• Single individual is sole parent
• Parent passes copies of all its genes to offspring
• No fusion of gametes
• Mitotic cell division

Question 6

Clone

Answer 6

Individual genetically identical to parent (who asexually reproduced)

Question 7

Sexual Reproduction

Answer 7

• Two parents create an offspring that has a unique combination of genes inherited from both parents
• Genetic variation

Question 8

Life Cycle

Answer 8

Generation-to-generation sequence of stages in reproductive history of organism

Question 9

How many chromosomes in somatic cells for humans?

Answer 9

46

Question 10

Karyotype

Answer 10

Ordered display of 23 pairs of chromosomes

Question 11

Homologous Chromosomes (Homologs)

Answer 11

Two chromosomes of a pair that have the same length, centromere position, and staining pattern

Question 12

What do homologous chromosomes carry?

Answer 12

Each pair carries genes controlling the same inherited traits

Question 13

Sex Chromosomes

Answer 13

X and Y chromosomes

Question 14

Autosomes

Answer 14

Chromosomes that aren’t sex chromosomes

Question 15

Diploid Cell

Answer 15

Any cell with 2 sets of chromosomes (2n); somatic cells

Question 16

Haploid Cell

Answer 16

Any cell with 1 set of chromosomes (n); gametes

Question 17

Fertilization

Answer 17

Union of gametes

Question 18

Zygote

Answer 18

Fertilized egg

Question 19

Meiosis

Answer 19

Type of cell division that reduces the number of sets of chromosomes from 2 to 1 in the gametes