Meiosis

Question 1

Stage 1 of Meiosis

Answer 1

Prophase 1, site of cross over (tetrad; paired homologous chromosomes)

Question 2

Stage 2 of Meiosis

Answer 2

Metaphase 1, Tetrads align

Question 3

Stage 3, 4, 5 of Meiosis

Answer 3

Anaphase 1, Telophase 1, Cytokinesis

Homologous chromosomes seperate during anaphase 1: sister chromatids remain together; haploid daughter

Question 4

What happens at the end of Meiosis ll?

Answer 4

4 pairs of daughter cells

Question 5

What happens during meiosis I?

Answer 5

• Homologous chromosomes pair up and exchange genetic material (crossing over).
• Homologous chromosomes separate, reducing the chromosome number by half.

Question 6

What happens during meiosis II?

Answer 6

• Sister chromatids separate.
• Four haploid daughter cells are produced, each with a unique combination of genetic material.

Question 7

How does meiosis differ from mitosis?

Answer 7

• Mitosis produces two identical daughter cells, while meiosis produces four genetically different daughter cells.
• Mitosis maintains the same number of chromosomes, while meiosis reduces the chromosome number by half.

Question 8

What are some errors that can occur during meiosis?

Answer 8

Nondisjunction: Failure of chromosomes to separate properly, leading to aneuploidy (abnormal number of chromosomes).

Translocation: Exchange of genetic material between non-homologous chromosomes.

Question 9

What is the significance of aneuploidy?

Answer 9

Aneuploidy can result in genetic disorders such as Down syndrome (trisomy 21) and Turner syndrome (monosomy X).