meiosis

Question 1

What is meiosis?

Answer 1

A type of cell division where a single cell divides twice and produces 4 daughter cells.

These 4 daughter cells contain half the amount of genetic material and are known as sex cells (gametes: sperm, eggs).

Question 2

What are haploid cells?

Answer 2

Cells that contain one single set of chromosomes, represented as 1N (23 chromosomes), like sperm and egg cells.

Question 3

What are diploid cells?

Answer 3

Cells that contain both sets of homologous chromosomes, represented as 2N (46 chromosomes or 23 pairs).

Question 4

What are homologous chromosomes?

Answer 4

Pairs of chromosomes that have the same size, shape, and types of genes in the same order.

Question 5

What does homozygous mean?

Answer 5

Having two identical alleles for a particular gene.

Question 6

What does heterozygous mean?

Answer 6

Having two different alleles for a particular gene.

Question 7

What is the primary difference in the type of cells produced by meiosis and mitosis?

Answer 7

Meiosis produces sex gametes cells, while mitosis forms body cells.

Question 8

What is the purpose of mitosis?

Answer 8

Mitosis is for growth and repair.

Question 9

Are the cells produced by mitosis identical or different?

Answer 9

Cells produced by mitosis are identical.

Question 10

How many divisions occur in mitosis?

Answer 10

Mitosis involves one division.

Question 11

Does crossing over occur in mitosis?

Answer 11

No, there is no crossing over in mitosis.

Question 12

How many cells are produced from one division of mitosis?

Answer 12

Two cells are produced from one division of mitosis.

Question 13

What is the chromosome number in cells produced by mitosis?

Answer 13

Cells produced by mitosis have a diploid number of chromosomes.

Question 14

What is the primary purpose of meiosis?

Answer 14

Meiosis is for sexual reproduction.

Question 15

Are the cells produced by meiosis identical or different?

Answer 15

Cells produced by meiosis are different.

Question 16

How many divisions occur in meiosis?

Answer 16

Meiosis involves two divisions.

Question 17

Does crossing over occur in meiosis?

Answer 17

Yes, crossing over occurs in meiosis.

Question 18

How many cells are produced from one division of meiosis?

Answer 18

Four cells are produced from one division of meiosis.

Question 19

What is the chromosome number in cells produced by meiosis?

Answer 19

Cells produced by meiosis have a haploid number of chromosomes.

Question 20

What occurs during interphase before meiosis?

Answer 20

Cell growth and DNA replication take place.

Question 21

What happens during prophase 1 of meiosis?

Answer 21

Crossing over takes place and homologous chromosomes pair up forming tetrads.

Question 22

What occurs during Metaphase?

Answer 22

Homologous chromosomes line up across the center of the cell.

Question 23

What happens in Anaphase 1?

Answer 23

Spindle fibers pull each pair to opposite ends of the cell.

Question 24

What occurs during Telophase 1?

Answer 24

A nuclear membrane forms around each cluster of chromosomes.

Question 25

What is the result of Cytokinesis?

Answer 25

Cytokinesis forms two new cells.

Question 26

What happens during Prophase 11?

Answer 26

Chromosomes condense again, new spindle apparatus forms in both cells.

Question 27

What happens during Metaphase II?

Answer 27

Chromosomes line up in the center of the cell.

Question 28

What occurs during Anaphase II?

Answer 28

The paired chromatids separate.

Question 29

What is the result of Telophase II and Cytokinesis?

Answer 29

The end result is four daughter cells that have half the normal chromosome number.

Question 30

What is the importance of Meiosis?

Answer 30

Genetic diversity, evolution, and sexual reproduction.