Meiosis

Question 1

How many chromosomes do humans have?

Answer 1

46

23 pairs

Question 2

How many pairs of autosomes and sex chromosomes do humans have?

Answer 2

22 pairs of autosomes and 1 pair of sex chromosomes

XY=male, XX=female

Question 3

What is a karyotype?

Answer 3

The arrangement of chromosome pairs according to shape and size.

Question 4

What occurs after sexual reproduction?

Answer 4

Genetic info of two parents combine to create individuals possessing a unique genome.

Question 5

What are the male and female gametes?

Answer 5

sperm and egg

Question 6

How many chromosomes does each gamete donate when fusing together to form a zygote?

Answer 6

23 chromosomes each

Question 7

How many chromosomes are in a zygote?

Answer 7

46 chromosomes that can be arranged into homologous chromosome pairs.

Question 8

How are chromosomes in gametes numbered?

Answer 8

In order of decreasing size

Question 9

What do homologous chromosomes of the same pair carry?

Answer 9

They carry genes controlling the same inherited characteristics

They don’t necessarily have the same gene versions (blue eye vs brown ey

Question 10

What are homologous chromosomes?

Answer 10

Consists of one paternal and one maternal chromosome each carrying the genes for the same traits.

Question 11

What are some characteristics of a pair of homologous chromosomes?

Answer 11

• The same length
• the same centromere position
• The same staining pattern
• The same gene loci

Question 12

What is a diploid cell?

Answer 12

A cell that has 23 pairs of chromosomes (46 total)

2 sets of chromosomes

Question 13

What is a haploid cell?

Answer 13

1 set of chromosomes

1 of each kind of chromosome

Meiosis results in haploid cells

Question 14

What are somatic cells?

Answer 14

All cells other than sperm or ovum

Their daughter cells have 46 chromosomes