Meiosis

Question 1

Mutagens

Answer 1

Factors that cause mutations

Question 2

Carcinogens

Answer 2

Factors that cause mutations that lead to cancer

Question 3

Haploid cell - how many chromosomes total

Answer 3

23 total - n

Question 4

Haploid cell

+ example

Answer 4

Single set of chromosomes
(ex. gamete)

Question 5

Diploid cell

Answer 5

Two homologous chromosomes

Question 5

Mitosis

Answer 5

Produces cells for growth & repair

Question 6

Doploid cell - how many chromosomes total

Answer 6

46 total - 2n

Question 7

Meiosis

Answer 7

Produces gametes For reproduction

Question 8

Why is meiosis crutial

Answer 8

it reduces the chromosome number by half ensuring that when two gametes combine the offspring will have the correct number of chromosomes

Question 9

How many times does interphase happen

Answer 9

once

Question 10

Interphase:
- G1
- S-phase
- G2

Answer 10

• G1: cell growth → produces proteins & organelles
• S-phase: chromosome replication process
• G2: cell growth & preperation for division

Question 11

what happens in Meiosis 1

Answer 11

seperation of homologous pairs

Question 12

what happens in Meiosis 2

Answer 12

Seperation of sister chromatids no s-phase betwen them

Question 13

Prophase 1

Chiasmata

+ whats formed

Answer 13

Chiasmata → specific places where homologous chromosomes connect and form tetrads

Question 14

crossing over (+when)

Answer 14

P1: non sister chromatids
of homolegous pairs exchange DNA

Question 15

Metaphase (1)

(3)

Answer 15

• Homologous pairs of chremosomes line up on the metaphase plate
• A spinale fiber from one end pale attaches to one hair le a spindle fiber from the sther end pole to the other
• The homologous pairs are then seperated into different nuclei

Question 16

Anaphase (1)

Answer 16

The Homologous pairs seperate & then move the opposite ends of the sell

Question 17

A1

Each chromosome has how many sister chromatids

Answer 17

Each chromosome still has two sister chromatids

Question 18

Telophase and cytokinesis (1)

Answer 18

The chromosomes consisting of two sister chromatids seperate into two daughter cells, each with one chromosome of two sisters

Question 19

Meiosis (2) - what doesn’t it have?

Answer 19

Doesn’t have an interphase

Question 20

What happens in meiosis 2

Answer 20

the sister chromatids are seperated

Question 21

what is there by the end of meiosis 2

Answer 21

by the end of meiosis 2, there are 4 daughter haploid cells (NO sister chromatids)

Question 22

Spermatogenisis

Answer 22

gamete → sperm

Question 23

Oogenesis

Answer 23

gamete → egg

Question 24

A woman is born with all the corytes she will ever have

Answer 24

• The follides atrophy after menopause
• with each menstrual cycle, one oogle begins to continue on through the first & second meatie divisions

Question 25

Problems with Meiosis

(2)

Answer 25

1. Nondisjunction of homologous (in meiosis 1)
2. nondisjunction of sister chromatids (in meiosis 2)

Question 26

Trisomic cell

and example

Answer 26

One extra chromosome

trisomy 21

Question 27

Monosomic cell

Answer 27

one missing chromosome
lethal

Question 28

Turner’s Syndrome

Answer 28

XO

Question 29

Klinefelter syndrome

Answer 29

XXY