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Geography - Urbanisation > Megacities and world cities > Flashcards

Megacities and world cities Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a megacity?

A

An urban agglomeration with a population of more than 10 million people

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2
Q

What is a metacity?

A

A conurbation with more than 20 million people

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3
Q

What is a world city?

A

A city which is disproportionally important in the global economy. They are a product of economic and cultural globalisation

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4
Q

What are the main characteristics of a world city?

A 
Political power 
Financial services 
Head-quaters of MNCs
Hub of trade
Hub of manufacturing 
Centre of new ideas 
Centre of media 
High quality educational institution 
High level medic services 
High-density living 
Peripheral growth
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5
Q

How much more GDP does megacities produce in comparison to other cities?

A

Two to three times more

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6
Q

What are the benefits of megacities?

A

Offer opportunities to expand access to services: healthcare and education
Less environmentally damaging to provide public transport, housing, electricity, water and sanitation for a densely settled urban population than a dispersed rural population
Better levels of education and healthcare can improve the lives of the poor and empower women in countries where they do not have equal status

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7
Q

How many megacities are there?

A

Depending on the source there are 31-47 megacities

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8
Q

Where are megacities most prevalent?

A

South East Asia

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9
Q

What is an example of a megacity?

A

Bangalore (officially name Bengaluru)

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10
Q

What was the population of Bangalore in the 1950s?

A

750,000

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11
Q

What was the population of Bangalore in the 2018?

A

11.1 million

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12
Q

What is Bangalore known as?

A

Silicon Valley of the Indian

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13
Q

What is Bangalore’s focus on?

A

IT and technology

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14
Q

Why are megacities growing?

A 
Natural population growth (Birth rates increasing, decreasing deaths rates) 
International migration (labour migration, refugees and undocumented migrants)
Internal migration (rural to urban) - Push factors (conditions of place of origin are detrimental to health, safety, economic security. Pull factors of the city: job opportunities, healthcare, transport, facilities)
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15
Q

What is an example of a push and a pull factor?

A

A farmer in rural area whose land has become unproductive because of drought (push factor) may decide to move to a nearby city where he perceives more job opportunities and possibilities for a better lifestyle. (pull factor)

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16
Q

How do push and pull factor tend to work?

A

A pull factor initiates migration that can be sustained by push and other factors that facilitate or make possible the change.

17
Q

What is the fasted growing sector of trade in Bangalore?

A

ITC - Emergence of outsourcing from other countries

18
Q

Why is ITC the fasted growing sector of trade in Bangalore?

A

Labour costs are low
Other countries have significant ITC skills shortages
India has a large English-speaking workforce
Indian workers are prepared to work unsociable hours
Geographical location - near Europe, Middle East and East Asia.

19
Q

What is the centre of Bangalore like?

A

Modern high-rise business centres

Traditional markets

20
Q

What are the inner suburbs like in Bangalore?

A

Small complex of IT companies

Slums near major roads (sell stuff, travel, first place they see)

21
Q

What are the outer suburbs like in Bangalore?

A

Urban development area

22
Q

What is the city boundary like in Bangalore?

A

City boundary
University
Technology/business park - (cheaper, greener, pleasant, space)

23
Q

What are the opportunities in Bangalore?

A 
Pleasant climate in the 20s 
Abundance of green spaces
Jobs 
Higher education 
Government owned businesses - creates incentives (attracts TNC's), opportunities for entrepreneurs, tax incentives
24
Q

What are the challenges faced in Bangalore?

A 
Managing urban growth 
Infrastructure 
Urbanisation has led to inequalities
Housing pressure 
Slums
25
Q

Why are the number of megacities growing?

A

International migration - refugees and labour migration
Natural population growth
Urban resurgence
Cities are the centre of wealth - fortunes are ,Ade, social mobility is possible, better basic services
Push factors of place of origin - unsafe
Pull factors of city - increased job opportunities

Geography - Urbanisation (9 decks)

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