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Biology 1030 > Meeting Tissue Needs > Flashcards

Meeting Tissue Needs Flashcards

1
Q

Types of connective tissue?

A

Blood, bone, cartilage

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2
Q

Gap junctions

A

connected between 2 cells for communication

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3
Q

Tight junctions

A

maintain polarity, connections between cells

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4
Q

Squamous

A

cells that are scale shape

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5
Q

Cuboidal

A

High and wide shape, one simple

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6
Q

Columnar

A

many, STRATIFIED

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7
Q

What are the functions of epithelia?

A

Protection
Physical barrier
control movement of substances-diffusion, active transport

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8
Q

Advantage of simple squamous epithelium in lungs?

A

maximize o2 absorption

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9
Q

Advantage of simple columnar epithelium in gastro intestinal tract?

A

absorption, protection, specialized cell types

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10
Q

Advantage of stratified squamous epithelium on SKIN?

A

Protection

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11
Q

Closed circulatory system most seen in?

A

Annelids, Echinoderms , vertebrates

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12
Q

Advantages closed circa system?

A

pressure, flow

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13
Q

Carbon dioxide enters the blood at the _____.

A

capillaries of the head, forelimbs, abdominal organs, and hind limbs

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14
Q

The _____ has(have) the thinnest walls.

A

capillaries

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15
Q

Function of renal system

A

removal of nitrogenous wastes

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16
Q

What phyla have gastrovascualr cavity

A

Cnidarians, Platyhelminthes

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17
Q

Gastrovascular cavity in Cnidarians

A

dibloblastic, large

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18
Q

Gastrovascular cavity in Platyheminthes?

A

triboblastic, very thin

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19
Q

Open Circulatory Systems seen in?



A

Arthropods, Brachiopods, Mollusks, tunicates !and lancelets!

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20
Q

What does the heart pump in open circa system?

A

Hemolymph

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21
Q

What type of arteries in open circa system?

A

open ended

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22
Q

Are there veins in open circ. system?

A

No, siinuses

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23
Q

What 2 separate fluids are seen in an closed circa. system?

A

blood, interstitial fluid

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24
Q

Vertebrate circ. system has how many chambers in heart in FISH?

A

2`, one circulatory loop

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25
Q

Vertebrate circ. system has how many chambers in heart in AMPHIBIANS?

A

3 chambered heart, 2 atria 1 ventricle

26
Q

Circulation on amphibians?

A

Double circulation - Pulmocutaneous circuit and Systemic circuit!

27
Q

Adv. of amphibian closed circa system?

A

higher pressure blood going into tissues-2 heart beats-gills and lungs

28
Q

Adv of reptile closed circa. system?

A

minimizes mixing of deoxinated blood and oxygenated blood.

29
Q

Adv of closed circa. system in birds and mammals?

A

no mixing of blood o2 blood only goes to body.

30
Q

REPTILE & BIRDS AND MAMMALS closed circa. system?

A

double circ., pulnmoary ciruit, systemic circuit

31
Q

REPTILE HEART?

A

3 chambered-ventricle has a partial septum

32
Q

BIRDS AND MAMMALS HEART?

A

4 chambered, complete septum

33
Q

What is osteophagia?

A

to eat bone

34
Q

Substrate feeding?

A

earthworm, apple maggots, leaf miner insects eat mesophyll in leafs

35
Q

Fluid feeders

A

specialized mouth parts - aphid, mosquito

36
Q

Specialized blood fluid feeders

A

anticoagulants

37
Q

Advantages of bulk feeding?

A

much more surface area for enzymes to work, better digestion

38
Q

Herbivores incisors used for?

A

cutting

39
Q

Carnivores molars needed?

A

no

40
Q

Carnivores premolars?

A

shearing

41
Q

What are requirements for gas exchange?

A

moist surface, adequate surface area-larger animals have more cells

42
Q

What phyla do gas exchange by diffusion?

A

Porifera, Cnidaria, Platyhelminthes

43
Q

Who uses cuteness respiration

A

amphibians, not completely aquatic

44
Q

Concurrent gas exchange aquatic

A

water with blood moving in the same direction

45
Q

countercurrent exchange

A

is efficient, better use of o2

46
Q

Exhalation produces pos pr neg pressure

A

positive

47
Q

Inhalation produces

A

negative pressure, diaphragm contracts

48
Q

Products of waste removal fish?

A

ammonia

49
Q

Product of waste removal squirrel

A

urea

50
Q

product of waste removal birds

A

uric acid

51
Q

Dendrites

A

where info is entering the cell

52
Q

Axon

A

output

53
Q

Sensory neurons

A

carry info from body to CNS

54
Q

Interneurons

A

carry info entirely within CNS

55
Q

Motor Neurons

A

carry info away from CNS carry to some target organ in the body

56
Q

A “resting” motor neuron is expected to

A

exhibit a resting potential that is more negative than the “threshold” potential. 

57
Q

THe “threshold” potential of a membrane

A

is the minimum depolarization needed to operate the voltage-gated sodium and potassium channels.

58
Q

The ʺslow blockʺ to polyspermy is due to

A

formation of the fertilization envelope.

59
Q

The vegetal pole of the zygote differs from the animal pole in that

A

the vegetal pole has a higher concentration of yolk.

60
Q

The yolk of the frog egg

A

supports the higher rate of cleavage at the animal pole compared to the vegetal pole.

61
Q

The sequence of developmental milestones proceeds as follows:

A

cleavage → morula → blastula → gastrula

62
Q

an open space within the gastrula is the

A

cells. archenteron

Biology 1030 (6 decks)

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