meeting customer needs questions Flashcards

1
Q

what is the difference between Niche and Mass markets

A

A niche market is a small section of a mass market focusted on only 1 type of cutomer. A mass market is large and focuses of a wide range of customers. Mass market products also have lower prices than niche market products

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Why is a USP (unique selling poiny / proposition) required in mass markets and is it a dissadvatage or advantage?

A

dissadvantage

is helps the product stand out from the large range of similar / competing products and attract cutomers.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Why are mass markets not responsive to individual customer needs

A

they cant be tailored to suit a specific customer taste or requirement as the cost of production increases and it takes longer to produce

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

why are mass markets highly competative

A

many large firms enter as there is lots of money to be made and it it highly profitable.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

why is exploiting EOS (purchasing and marketing) an advantage of mass marketing

A

They lower the cost of production of the product

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

why is stable demand patterns an advantage of mass markets

A

it allows forecasting scales relativley simple as the same large group of consumers typicall repurchase every week/month so scale patterns are relativly stable giving the firms certainty.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

why is high sales/profit an advantage in mass markets

A

the sales and profit will typically be high as thousands / millions of customers will be serverd. But this makes mass markets attractive.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what does the process of marketing tell us?

A

It tells us marketing is a very scientific process as you have to research, analyse and map out a plant - everythign is backed up by evidence.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

why is less competition in niche markets an advantage?

A

large firms are not attracted so niche firms face less competition allowing for more opportunities to potentially grow and expand operations.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

in niche markets why are more tailored products an advantage

A

it enables niche market firms to attract enough customers to produced healthy sales and profits.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

why do niche markets have lower advertising costs. Is it and advantage of dissadvantag?

A

advantage

they have relativly small customer base often concentrated in the local area so expensive nationwide promtion is unneciar. It lowers adverting costs (and hence overall costs of production)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

why do niche markets have higher prices

A

they cant exploit EOS as they have relativly small amount of cutomers so the average cost of production will be higher which implies higher prices will need to be charged to make a profit.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

why do niche manufacturors (producers) find it hard to get retailors to stock their products?

A

Retailors will be concernced they are not able to sell enough units of the niche product due to the small cutomer base and would rather stock a well known mass market product that would earn them much more money.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

why are niche markets vunerable to market change

A

they only sell one or two product lines so if preferences or tastes change the pridcuer will have no other products to fall back on

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

why are customers in niche markets price inelastic

A

if you are looking for something specific, there may be a few firms that offer that product so if one raises prices customers may still be willing to pay it as you can easily find it elsewhere.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

why are customers in a mass market price elastic

A

there are lots of competing products that are all very similar and when one product cuts their prices all the consumers will choose the cheapest.

17
Q

why do firms use brands

A

one of the key ways in which businesses achieve product differentiation.

Brands are unique and are protected by law.

Brands add value, often making the product/service more desirable to consumers.

Adding value is the process by which firms increase the price that the consumer is willing to pay .

Brands influence the position of the business within its market.

Businesses operating in mass markets use branding to stand out from the competition.

Businesses operating in niche markets use branding to communicate their offering to a small, well defined group of consumers.

Strong brands are more likely to be able to charge higher prices for their products than weaker brands.

The perceived quality of a strong brand’s products is better than that of weaker brands.

18
Q

what are the cause of a dynamic market

A

1) Online retailing - ASOS? - The emergence of e-commerce has meant that consumers can purchase goods and services from their homes, rather than visiting physical stores. For firms that have offered consumers an online shopping experience, businesses such as ASOS have experienced rapid increase in their sales.

NB: An e-commerce business is one that trades online rather than just through physical stores.

2) Changes in affluence - eating out? - Affluence refers to how much income an Affluence refers to how much income an average family has to spend. As households get more affluent over time certain businesses benefit from this. E.g businesses that specialise in hospitality and leisure. These businesses have seen rapid increases in their sales.

3) Innovation and market growth - electric cars? - Technology markets are innovative markets. I.e. There are always new products being launched to replace older technologies. It can cause a rapid increase in some firms’ sales and a rapid decrease in others creating a dynamic market. E.g. Apple’s Iphone 16 launch get hold of the ‘latest technology, firms such as Apple observed very rapid increases in their sales, creating a dynamic market

4) Adapting to change - vegan cuisine? - Society’s tastes and preferences change over time. E.g consumers have moved away from eating excessive amounts of meat, towards buying plant-based alternatives. E.g. vegan burgers. Those firms that have responded to this social change in demand patterns have seen very rapid increases in their sales. If a firm responds to a change (a trend - changed preferences) in demand then their sales may rapidly increase.

19
Q

why is compeition need in markets

A

Competition prevents incumbent firms (firms that already exist within a market) becoming complacent. Firms that do not innovate or do not respond to changing customer tastes and preferences will be forced out of a market by competition that is more responsive to customer tastes. Hence, competition is viewed as positive from the consumer perspective.

20
Q

why are risks quantifiable

A

It is possible to assess the probability of a risk event occurring. Eg. If a business has been flooded every year for the past 5 years, it is possible to assess the mathematical probability of another flood occurring this year. I.e. an 85% probability of it happening again.

21
Q

Why are uncertainties not Quantifiable?

A

If no business can foresee an event then it is impossible to assess its mathematical probability to happen.

22
Q

what aer the sources of primary research

A

Observation - watch how many customers go into a shop and how many leave with the shop’s bag. This indicates what percentage of customers who enter the shop are likely to actually spend money in the shop.

Online survey - e.g. Instagram: a survey box will appear when a user scrolls through the social media site.

Face to face interview.

Focus groups - these are discussion groups that are led by a psychologist. They tend to be small groups of actual or potential customers. The psychologist is aiming to discuss the attitudes and motivations that underpin a customer’s buying behaviour. )This kind of research is not surface level; it is indepth research).

Questionnaires.

23
Q

Sources of secondary research

A

Market reports (market intelligence reports) - a detailed analysis done by a private company into the main trends that are present in an industry. They are printed and digital. E.g. sales growth in the industry, technological changes, number of large firms in the industry, changes in consumer demand. A private company created this report. They go to the industry and analyse what is happening. E.g. MINTEL.

Trade and industry associations reports - these are produced by the industry themselves, and identify the principal changes that have occurred in the sector. E.g. common problems that are affecting the industry, or current trends.

Census data - records the ‘demography’ of an area - i.e. the composition of people who live in a particular area e.g. Gender/age profile/occupations/religion/race etc…

Newspapers e.d. The financial times - analyses industries and firm performance.

Books - competitors’ financial accounts available for free on the internet.

24
Q

what are some examoles of seconndary market research

A

Sales transactions - by looking back at one’s previous sales history, a firm can establish a trend. I.e. Are sales improving or deteriorating? On the back of this analysis, firms can then decide on an appropriate marketing strategy to boost sales performance.

Big data - Big data refers to vast quantities of information that firms seek to analyse in order to better understand their customers needs and wants and therefore target goods and services at customers that perfectly meet their needs. Big data may include customer databases or customer transactions. It is a vast collection of data about you/customers.

Analytics - it involves analysing data already collected by others. This involves the collection, analysis and interpretation of data to make informed decisions. Data used is often collected by websites, apps, social media platforms or other sources. It is already available but it is being used for business purposes.

25
Q

why do firms conduct market research

A

Identify and anticipate customer wants - if businesses can anticipate that there is a gap in the market that needs filling though conducting market research, they can produce a product that precisely matches consumer wants and hence generate high levels of sales.

Quantify likely demand - research helps a business understand the ‘strength of demand’ for a product. This then tells a business whether there is enough demand to justify proceeding with the product or not.

Gain insight into consumer behaviour - this will be done with qualitative research. Understanding the indepth reasons why a consumer would choose one product over another, will help a business produce a product that precisely matches consumers tastes and preferences.

26
Q

how do firms use IT for marekt research

A

Websites - it is common for businesses to use ‘pop-up’ surveys on their websites. Once the survey has been programmed to appear, this is a very cheap way for businesses to collect primary market data.

Social media - e.g. Tik Tok online surveys appear when users log into Tik Tok and scroll through videos. This is a cheap way for a firm to gather research. A computer can analyse the results as well.

Databases (Tesco’s clubcard) - e.g. enables tescos to gather information on each customer’s buying behaviour. From this, tescos can target special offers to its customers that are perfectly tailored to each specific customer.

27
Q

what is the objective of market segmentation

A

identify whether each market segment was fully catered for and thereby identify any gaps in the market. it shows you exactly what specific types of people want

28
Q

what are the methods of segmenting a market

A

Gender
Age
Ethnicity
Religion
Geographical area
Socio-Economic groupings

29
Q

what are the 5 different socio economic groups

A

A - professional careers (e.g. hospital consultant / surgeon / judge/ CEO (chief executive officers) of a major corporation/higher managerial position). B - intermediate managerial / professional (e.g. barrister, deputy head). C1 - junior managerial (e.g. department head / supervisor / clerical worker (office-based OR white collar worker (work in an office))). C2 - skilled manual worker (e.g. plummer / electrician / gas engineer) - blue collar workers. D - semi skilled and unskilled (trainee plumber / warehouse worker). E - unemployed.

30
Q

how is a market map made

A

chose the 2 criteria to split the market by then lits the compeitors and place where they are positioned based ont he crietia

31
Q

why do firms use market mappinng

A

to idenify gaps in the market hwere there is little compeition.

32
Q

why do most firms place themselves along the diagonal

A

it is the most profitable area

33
Q

why do firms differentiate

A

a product that is either actual or psychologically differentiated then consumers are more likely to buy from their brand than the competitors.

34
Q

what are the 2 types of competitive advanatge

A

be the lowest cost supplier

Be highly differentiated

35
Q

why does being the lowest cost supplier give compeitive advantage

A

the firm that can produce goods most cheaply in a market. This then translates into the lowest selling prices in an industry that competitors cannot match.

36
Q

why does being highly differentiated give compeitive advantage

A

the firm has achieved a level of differentiation that other firms in the industry have not managed to achieve. (The differentiation could be ‘real’ or psychological. This enables a firm to command a premium price and get repeat custom, as customers believe they are buying from ‘the best’.)