Meeran Finals Day - Abdomen Flashcards
6 signs of chronic liver disease
spider naevi >5 clubbing palmar erythema Dupuytren's gynaecomastia testicular atrophy
5 signs of liver cell failure
jaundice leuconychia - low protein bruising ascites encephalopathy
3 signs of portal hypertension
splenomegaly
ascites
dilated abdominal veins (caput medusae)
differentiating inferior vena cava obstruction from portal HTN
in IVCO the vein fills upwards towards the umbilicus rather than downwards
6 causes of ascites
portal HTN IVCO constrictive pericarditis peritoneal metastasis ovarian cancers low protein state (liver failure, nephrotic)
5 signs of cholestasis
itch pale stools dark urine jaundice xanthelasma
how do you tell the difference when palpating between a large spleen or left kidney?
can’t get above spleen or ballot it, also dull to percussion
hypovolaemic shock signs x3
low BP
low JVP
cold peripheries
give IV fluid / blood
differentiate the following between cardiogenic, septic + hypovolaemic shock:
- cause
- BP
- JVP
- peripheries
- treatment
cardiogenic:
-heart failure, low BP, high JVP, cold peripheries, dobutamine
septic:
- infection, low BP, low JVP, warm peripheries, noradrenaline
hypovolaemic:
- bleeding, low BP, low JVP, cold peripheries, give blood
erythema nodosum causes x 6 + look up image
sarcoid sulphonamides salicylates strep infection TB IBD
erythema multiforme causes x 4 + look up image
child/YA weeks post herpes simplex
mycoplasma
other weird infections (TB, strep)
sulphonamides
what causes a third of erythema multiforme
1-2 weeks reaction post herpes simplex in a younger person
what is severe erythema multiforme called
Stevens Johnson syndrome
severe mucosal ulceration and liver failure
summarise these 5 erythemas:
e nodosum e multiforme e ab igne e marginatum e chronicum migrans
nodosum - painful over shins multiforme - target, SJS ab igne- chronic low heat, hot water bottle usually marginatum - acute RF c migrans - Lyme
look up all the pics
