Medlist 1 Flashcards
Generic name of Vibramysin, Adoxa, Monodox
Doxycycline
What are the strengths that Doxycycline come in?
20, 50, 75, 100, 150 mg
How often should doxycycline be taken?
Every 12 h
What are the indications for doxycycline?
RTI, UTI, STI, acne, skin infections
Counseling tips for doxycycline
Sun-sensitivity, take with food, do not consume anything with Ca++, Fe++, Mg++, or Zn++ within 2 hrs before or after; may reduce effectiveness of OC (take additional form of BC during and for at least 1 week after)
Generic name of Amoxil
Amoxicillin
Strengths of amoxicillin
250, 500, 875 mg
Frequency of amoxicillin
q8h, q12h
Indications of amoxicillin
RTI, UTI, STI, ENT, skin infections
Counseling tips for amoxicillin
May decrease effectiveness of OC (Use additional form of BC during and for at least 1 week after)
**CONTRAINDICATED IF PCN ALLERGY
Generic name for Keflex
Cephalexin
Strengths of cephalexin
250, 500 mg
Frequency of cephalexin
q6h, q8h
Indications for cephalexin
RTI, UTI, ENT, skin and bone infections
Counseling tips for cephalexin
Don’t take vitamins containing Zn++ for at least 3 hrs after; contraindicated if cephalosporin allergy; caution if PCN allergy
Generic for Zithromax, Z-Pak, Tri-Pak
Azithromycin
Strengths of Azithromycin
250, 500 mg
Frequency of Azithromycin
Z-Pak: Two 250 mg tab po (500 mg) on day 1, then 1 t po days 2-5 q24h
Indications of Azithromycin
RTI, STI, ENT, skin, and eye infections
Counseling points azithromycin
Do not take with Al++ or Mg++ containing antacid
QTc prolongation rarely occurs, but possible interaction
Contraindicated if macrolide allergy
Generic for Cipro
Ciprofloxacin
Strengths of ciprofloxacin
250, 500, 750 mg
Frequency of ciprofloxacin
q12h
Indications for ciprofloxacin
STI (prostatitis); skin, bone; pneumonia; complicated UTI, RTI, abdominal infections
Counseling tips for ciprofloxacin
QTc prolongation rarely occurs, but possible interaction with different medications; don’t take with Ca++, Fe++ within 2 hours before and after; sun-sensitivity; may increase caffeine sensitivity; contraindicated if fluoroquinolone allergy
Generic for Bactrim DS
sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim
Strengths of sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim
800 mg [S]/160mg [T]
Frequency of sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim
q12h
Indications for sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim
RTI, UTI, HIV-associated infection
Counseling points for sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim
sun-sensitivity; take with at least 8 oz water; contraindicated if sulfa allergy
Generic for macrobid/macrodantin
Nitrofurantoin
Strength of Nitrofurantoin
100 mg
Frequency of Nitrofurantoin
q12h
Indication of Nitrofurantoin
UTI
Counseling points of Nitrofurantoin
orange or brown urine expected; don’t consume anything with Mg++ within 2 hours before and after; take with food or milk to increase absorption
Generic for Flagyl
Metronidazole
Strengths of Metronidazole
250 and 500 mg
Frequency of Metronidazole
q6h, q8h, q12h
Indications for Metronidazole
Abscess, Vaginosis, GI infection, STI
Counseling points for Metronidazole
Contraindicated: EtOH use during therapy and for 3 days following last dose; metallic taste in mouth; HA is a common adverse effect
Generic for Diflucan
Fluconazole (anti-fungal)
Strengths of Fluconazole
100, 150, 200 mg
Frequency for Fluconazole
q24h, single dose for Vaginitis
Indications for Fluconazole
Mouth (thrush); skin; vagina; HIV-associated
Counseling points for Fluconazole
QTc prolongation rarely occurs, but possible with different medications; report any new skin rash to prescriber
Generic for Valtrex
Valacyclovir (anti-viral)
Strengths of Valacyclovir
500 mg; 1 gram
Frequency of Valacyclovir
q8h, q12h, q24h
Indications for Valacyclovir
Herpes viral infections of genitals, cold sores, shingles
Counseling points for Valacyclovir
HA is common; does not prevent disease transmission (avoid sex when sores are present); drink lots of fluid to prevent accumulation in kidneys
Generic for Ortho Tri-Cyclen,
Tri-Sprintec,
Tri-ViLibra
ethinyl estradiol/ norgestimate
Strengths for ethinyl estradiol/ norgestimate
Three Phases
0.035mg/0.18mg
0.035mg/0.215mg
0.035mg/0.25mg
Frequency for ethinyl estradiol/ norgestimate
One first phase tablet daily for 7 days, then one second phase tablet daily for 7 days, then one third phase tablet daily for 7 days, then one inactive tablet daily for 7 days
Indications for ethinyl estradiol/ norgestimate
- Oral Contraception
- Acne
Claim to fame: tri-phasics mimic natural menstrual cycle
SE for all estrogen/progestin medications
- water retention (bloating, weight gain, breast tenderness)
- upset stomach/nausea
- headache
Non-FDA approved uses may include: - Regulation of menstrual cycle
- Lessen menstrual flow
- Reduce painful menses
Miss a dose? - Take as soon as possible or with next days’ dose; e.g., miss Monday, take 2 on Tuesday. If you miss 2 or more days, refer to package directions.
Products containing ethinyl estradiol: - ↑ cardiovascular risk (DVT, PE, MI). Not recommended for those: +35 years old, smoker, or history of stroke/blood clots.
Tips: - If OC not started day 1 of menses, use additional non-drug form of contraception first week of therapy
- Take same time each day for maximum effectiveness
- Some anti-convulsants [ex: divalproex, lamotrigine] may ↓ effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives and/or ↑ increase chance of seizures
- None of the medications on this list protect against HIV / AIDS / STDs
Generic for Loestrin Fe,
Junel Fe, Microgestin Fe
ethinyl estradiol/ norethindrone/ ferrous fumarate
Strength of ethinyl estradiol/ norethindrone/ ferrous fumarate
0.02mg/1mg/75mg
Frequency for ethinyl estradiol/ norethindrone/ ferrous fumarate
Take one active tablet daily for 21 days, then one iron tablet daily for 7 days
Indications for ethinyl estradiol/ norethindrone/ ferrous fumarate
- Oral Contraception
- Acne
Claim to fame:
replaces iron lost during menses
Generic for Yaz, Loryna, Jasmiel
ethinyl estradiol/ drospirenone
Strength of ethinyl estradiol/ drospirenone
0.02mg/3mg
Frequency of ethinyl estradiol/ drospirenone
Active tablet daily for 24 days then one inactive tablet daily for 4 days
Indications of ethinyl estradiol/ drospirenone
- Oral Contraception
- Acne
- Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder
Claim to fame:
Only 4 inactive days = shorter menstrual periods
Counseling points for ethinyl estradiol/ drospirenone
- Drospirenone lessens the water retention/weight gain side effects of estrogen
Generic for Xulane
ethinyl estradiol/ norelgestromin
Strengths of ethinyl estradiol/ norelgestromin
0.53mg/4.86mg
Frequency of ethinyl estradiol/ norelgestromin
Apply one new patch each week for 3 weeks then week 4 is patch free
Indications of ethinyl estradiol/ norelgestromin
Contraception
Counseling points for ethinyl estradiol/ norelgestromin
- Same side effect profile as oral contraceptives but more common
- Adhesive may cause skin rash/rotate sites
- Do not cut patch
- Apply to butt, upper torso, stomach, or upper arm
Generic for NuvaRing
ethinyl estradiol/ etonogestrel
Strengths of ethinyl estradiol/ etonogestrel
0.015 mg /0.12 mg /24 hours ER
Frequency of ethinyl estradiol/ etonogestrel
Insert one ring into vagina on or before day 5 of cycle and
leave in for 3 weeks, then remove on week 4 and discard
Indications for ethinyl estradiol/ etonogestrel
Contraception
Counseling points for ethinyl estradiol/ etonogestrel
- If ring falls out, rinse with cool water and re-insert within 3 hrs
- Don’t remove for intercourse
- Ring is drug delivery device; Not a barrier
Generic for Depo-Provera
medroxyprogesterone
Strengths of medroxyprogesterone
150mg/mL
Frequency of medroxyprogesterone
150 mg deep intramuscular injection in gluteal or deltoid muscle every 3 months
Indications for medroxyprogesterone
- Contraception
- Endometriosis pain, abnormal
uterine bleeding, amenorrhea
Claim to fame:
No estrogen
Counseling points for medroxyprogesterone
- Nervousness
- Administration by healthcare professional
- Don’t use >2 years due to potential bone loss
- Spotting or absent menses may result