Medieval Summary Flashcards
When was Hippocrates alive?
460 BC - 370 BC
How many books in the Hippocratic collection?
60 books
When was Galen alive?
130 AD - 200 AD
How many books did Galen write and what were they based on?
300 books on anatomical theories
When was Abulcasis alive?
936 AD - 1013
What did Abulcasis write and when?
Al Tasrif in 1000
When was Guy de Chauliac alive?
1300-1368
What did Guy de Chauliac write and when?
Great surgery 1363
When was Roger Frugardi alive?
1140-1195
What did Roger Frugardi write and when?
Practice of surgery in 1180
When was John of Arderne alive?
1307-1392
What did John of Arderne write and when?
Practica in 1376
What significant group did john of Arderne form?
The guild of surgeons
When was Theodoric of Lucca alive?
1205-1296
Why was Theodoric of Lucca’s book controversial?
Argued that pus was bad and used wine on wounds to reduce chance of infection
When was Mondino alive?
1270-1326
What did Mondino do?
Held a public dissection in 1315 and wrote Anathomia in 1316
When was Rhazes alive?
854 AD
How many books did Rhazes write?
150 books
When was Avicenna alive?
980-1037
What did Avicenna do?
Translated works into Arabic so they reached Western Europe
When was Ibn-al-Nafis alive?
1213-1288
What did Ibn-al-Nafis do?
Discovered Galen was wrong about the workings of the heart.
Black Death- when
1346-1353
Law passed, no animal waste in streets.
1330
Law passed, no killing large animals inside London city walls.
1371
Law, those who used the river to pay annual cleaning fee
1374
People would be fined £20 for disposing into rivers
1388
Waste collection begins in Coventry
1420
Space in front of houses in Coventry to be cleaned every Saturday or pay a fine
1421
What was Galen’s theory?
Theory of opposites
What famous experiment did Galen carry out?
Cut a pigs nerves, proved brain controlled voice and movement not heart
Barber surgeons provided what it a smaller price?
Bloodletting, removing teeth and cutting hair
What did barber surgeons need to practice?
An apprenticeship
Doctors trained for…
Seven years at university- only reading and discussing
Treatments?
Bloodletting, purging, clearing miasma, praying, amputation, bloodletting, trepanning
What were the risks of surgery?
Bleeding/shock/infection
John of Arderne’s anaesthetic:
opium, henbane and hemlock. Dangerous with a big dose
What was cauterisation?
Hot oil poured on wound to treat “poison” from gunshot wounds.
How many new surgical instruments from Abulcasis?
26 new surgical instruments
Where did John of Arderne get experience?
Hundred year war, specialised in anal abscesses
Islam taught:
For every disease, allah has made a cure
Islamic hospitals…
Treated AND taught
Rhazes encouraged:
Keen observation and new ideas
London population change
15,000 in 1100 to 80,000 in 1300
Wood/lead pipes installed to assist with water demand
Bad because lead poisoned
How many dead from Black Death?
75-200 million
How much of England killed
1/3 of England
How much of chinas population
50% of china
How much of Europe’s population?
30-40% of population
