Medieval Medicine Flashcards
Give two ideas of Hippocrates
Four Humours
Clinical Observation
Hippocratic Oath
Hippocratic Corpus (books)
Give two ideas of Galen
Treatment of Opposites
Brain controls the body
Based human anatomy on monkeys & other animals
Give three reasons why Galen and Hippocrates were so important
Church promoted them
Basis of medicine until 1800 - logical/easy to use
People were reluctant to embrace new ideas
When did the Black Death first arrive in England?
1348
Give two medieval causes of Black Death.
God sent it as a punishment
Movement of planets and stars
Miasma
What is the difference between bubonic and pneumonic plague?
Bubonic plague has buboes (swellings)
Pneumonic plague infects the lungs and can spread directly between people.
How many people died of plague during the original outbreak?
Estimated 40%. As high as 60% in London based on wills
Give three medieval treatments for plague
Bleeding
Herbal treatments
Praying to God
What is a physician?
A medieval doctor who was university trained
What is a barber-surgeon?
A surgeon who could stitch wounds, amputate limbs and carry out bleeding
What is an apothecary?
A medieval chemist.
What is a wise women?
A local woman with knowledge of plants and herbs
How did monasteries helped the sick?
Most had some medical facilities as well as a medicinal garden where herbs and plants were grown.
Access to better hygiene, good food & clean water.
When was St Bartholomews’ hospital first opened?
1123
Give three medieval treatments for illness
Bleeding and Purging
Herbal remedies
Prayer and holy relics
Simple surgery
Give three ways in which the Church was important to medieval medicine
Controlled education
Promoted Galen
Believed that God could cause and cure disease
Banned Dissection
Give two examples of progress during the medieval period
Attempts to improve public health - laws baning butchering of animals in the streets, fines for littering & rakers eployed to clean streets.
Improvemkents in surgery - John Bradmore’s operation on Henry V
What were the Flagellants?
Religious sect during the Black Death - mkarched through towns whipping themselves to atone for their sins in the hope God would save them.
How did the Crusades help medicine to develop?
Doctors frequently travelled to the Holy Land & learned new ideas from Islamic kingdoms.
Provided access to medical books from ancient Greece & Rome which had been lost after the collapse of the Roman Empire
When was Bald’s Leech Book (a collection of herbal remedies) written?
950 AD
