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AVS 201 > Medicines > Flashcards

Medicines Flashcards

1
Q

What are the categories of drugs?

A

Antibiotics, Analgesic, Anesthetic, Sedative, Corticosteroid

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2
Q

What type of antibiotics have we learned?

A

Clavamox, Convenia/Cefovecin, Doxycyline, Cephalexin

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3
Q

What do Antibiotics do?

A

Medicine that kills or inhibits the growth of bacteria

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4
Q

What does Clavamox do?

A

Use to treat skin and other infections

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5
Q

How is Clavamox given?

A

Given as liquid or tablet

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6
Q

What is actual drug for Convenia?

A

Cefovecin

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7
Q

What does Convenia/Cefovecin do?

A

Used for skin and soft tissue infections
Including: Abscesses, Wounds and Pyoderma

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8
Q

How is Convenia/Cefovecin given?

A

Subcutaneous Injections

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9
Q

What does Doxycycline do?

A

Used to treat bacterial infections and tick-borne diseases

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10
Q

True or False: Doxycycline is one of the most used general antibiotics?

A

True

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11
Q

What type of diseases does Doxycycline treat?

A

Lyme disease, Leptospirosis, RMSF (Rocky Mt. Spotted Fever)

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12
Q

How is Doxycylcine given?

A

Administered through tablets or oral liquid

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13
Q

What does Cephalexin do?

A

Used to treat bacterial infections in dogs and cats

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14
Q

How is Cephalexin given?

A

Available as capsules, tablets or oral suspension

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15
Q

What is the right way to give Cephalexin?

A

Given with food to avoid nausea

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16
Q

What type of diseases does Cephalexin treat?

A

Pyoderma, UTI

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17
Q

What Pain Relievers/Analgesic have we learned?

A

Buprenorphine, Carprofen, Gabapentin

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18
Q

What do Analgesic do?

A

Acts to relieve pain

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19
Q

What is Buprenorphine used for?

A

Used in cases of extreme pain, after surgery, anxiety and distress

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20
Q

What does Buprenorphine have?

A

A narcotic which is a controlled substance

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21
Q

True or False: Buprenorphine doesn’t work quick

A

False. Buprenorphine works very quick as there is fast absorption

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22
Q

What does Carprofen do?

A

Used to relieve pain and inflammation in dogs and cats

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23
Q

What is Carprofen commonly used for?

A

Joint pains or after surgery

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24
Q

True or False: Carprofen is approved for dogs and often used off-label

A

True

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25
Q

What does Gabapentin do?

A

Treats chronic pain

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26
Q

True or False: Gabapentin is not a strong pain reliever

A

False, it’s a strong pain reliever

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27
Q

What types of Anesthetics have we learned?

A

DKB (Dexodomitor, Ketamine, Buprenex) and Isoflurane

28
Q

What doe Anesthetics do?

A

Substance that causes lack of feeling or awareness - dulls pain

29
Q

What animal is DKB (Dexodomitor, Ketamine, Buprenex) mainly used on?

A

On cats

30
Q

Where is DKB given?

A

Intramuscular Injections typically in the back leg

31
Q

What type of animals are given Isoflurane?

A

Good for pregnant animals and animals with heart problems

32
Q

How is Isoflurane given?

A

Inhalant through mask or connected through tracheal tube

33
Q

Why are Injectables used?

A
  • Injectables have “shelf life” for how long it says effective due to the body metabolizing it
  • Injectables are good for shorter surgeries, dosage calculation is important

DKB is injectable

34
Q

Why are Inhalants given?

A
  • Inhalants are administered continuously throughout the surgery or exam process, stop the flow after the procedure
  • Inhalants used for longer procedures

Isoflurane is inhalant

35
Q

What type of Sedatives have we been taught?

A

Acepromazine and Propofol

36
Q

What do Sedatives do?

A
  • Has calming or sleep inducing effects
  • Allows for smaller amount of general anesthesia
  • Minimizes vomiting
  • Allows a faster recovery time
37
Q

Why is preanesthetic sedation given?

A

Generally given to calm the animal before tracheal tubing and inhalant anesthetic

38
Q

What is Acepromazine?

A

Most common sedative

Commonly used in conjunction with an analgesic (buprenorphine) for reliable sedation

39
Q

How is Acepromazine given?

A

Injectable or oral tablet

39
Q

How is Acepromazine given?

A

Injectable or oral tablet

40
Q

What is Propofol used for?

A

Used for quick procedures such as a cat neuter or an exam on a difficult animal

41
Q

True or False: Propofol is not quick acting

A

False, it is quick acting and has a rapid recovery rate

42
Q

How is Propofol given?

A

Injectable sedative of choice

43
Q

What do Corticosteroids do?

A

Class of steroids produced in the adrenal cortex of vertebrates to reduce swelling, inflammation and allergic reactions

44
Q

What Corticosteroids do we know?

A

Prednisone and Prednisolone

45
Q

What do Prednisone and Prednisolone do?

A

Manages inflammation in conditions involving immune systems

Also helps with issues with hormones

46
Q

What natural corticosteroid does the body manufacture?

A

Cortisol in the adrenal gland

47
Q

Between Prednisone and Prednisolone, which one is easier to absorb?

A

Prednisolone

48
Q

What type of diseases are corticosteroids used for?

A

CNS (Central Nervous System) disorders
Skin Diseases
Hormonal Disorders (Addison’s)
Some Cancers

49
Q

What are generic side effects come with corticosteroids?

A

Thirst
Urination
Appetite

Side Effects increase over time on steroid
Can also cause Cushing’s Disease

50
Q

What Eye Medications have we learned?

A

Erythromycin ophthalmic ointment and Terramycin

51
Q

What is Erythromycin Ophthalmic Ointment used for?

A

Used to treat a variety of bacterial eye infections and conditions

Thus is an antibiotic eye ointment

52
Q

What is Terramycin used for?

A

Used to fight bacterial infections such as conjunctivitis, inflamed cornea, corneal ulcers

Is a sterile antibiotic ointment

53
Q

What Ear Medications have we learned?

A

Claro (Florfenicol) and Otibiotic Ointment (Otomax)

54
Q

What animal is Claro (Florfenicol) approved for?

A

Approved for dogs for ear infection

55
Q

How is Claro (Florfenicol) given?

A

One-dose treatment regimen administered by the vet

56
Q

What disease is Claro generally used for?

A

Malassezia

57
Q

What is Otibiotic Ointment (Otomax) used for?

A

Used to treat acute and chronic ear infections

58
Q

What does Otibiotic Ointment (Otomax) contain?

A

Contains an antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and an antifungal

59
Q

What are common meds were we taught?

A

Felimazole (Methimazole) and Metronidazole

60
Q

What is Felimazole (Methimazole) used for?

A

Used to treat an overactive thyroid in cats, known as hyperthyroidism

61
Q

True or False: Felimazole (Methimazole) cures this disease

A

False. Does not cure this disease but can control it for cat’s lifetime

62
Q

What is Metronidazole used for?

A
  • The most generic diarrhea cases (comb with carafate to coat GI tract)
  • Treat protozoal infections in dogs and cats

e.Giardia

63
Q

What Human Medicines safe for pets?

A

Benadryl, Zyrtec, Claritin: Used of itching and hives (Dosage is different so check with vets) (Can also be use as mild sedative (Car rides, fireworks))

Neosporin/Antibiotics Gels: For minor cuts/scrapes (Since pet licks their wounds avoid ones with hydrocortisone)

MiraLAX, Saline eye and Nose drops (Dosage is very important)

64
Q

Conclusion on Drugs

A
  • Need to use proper meds for proper medical issue
    Ex. Antiviral won’t treat fungal, Antibiotics won’t treat virus

DO: give full prescription of meds, even when animal starts to feel better
Ex. Ensures that all the bacteria die without developing resistance

AVS 201 (10 decks)

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