Medicine through time Flashcards
Hippocrates
Created four humours which were and they need to be balanced
- blood
- black bile
- yellow bile
- flem
Wanted a rational way of finding and curing diesease
Galen
- believed in theory of opposites aka treating cold with warm, or warm with cold
- experiment on pigs and other animals and carried that reasoning into humans
- church loved his theories as he said there had to be a creator because the body is so perfect
- ideas lasted for over 1000 years
John hunter
Tied of blood vessels to encourage blood flow to other vessels instead of amputating
- wanted surgery and sergeants to improve
- present at over 2000 directions
Andreas vesalius
Challenged and correct Galen with the book “fabrics of human body”-
- as Andrea’s finding were based on human dissection not animals
- one example was Galen thought there was holes in parts of the heart this was disproved
Pare
War surgeont who was using boiling hot oil to treat wounds when he ran out
- he used a new mixture using Turbine, egg yolk and rose oil. This treated wounds quicker and a lot less painfully
- he also started tieing off ligaments to stop bleeding out and amputating but risked infection
William Harvey
Proved by Galen wrong
- by proving blood was circulated by the heart by studying cold blooded animals who blood circulated slower
Edward Jenner
- when observing milk maids who had contracted cow pox he realised they were immune to small pox
- he tested this by giving 30 people cow pox then small pox although they had small cow pox symptoms he discovered a vaccine for small pox which killed 300 million people
What opposition did Jenner face
- religious people believed cows couldn’t help humans because they are lesser
- funding, he couldn’t get good funding to spread his ideas and make more vaccines for cow pox
Florence nightingale
- worked as a nurse and tried to increase professionalism for nurse
- opened first nurse training school
Elizabeth garret Anderson
First female doctor
Pioneer for women in medicine
Louis Pasteur
Germ theory. Found germs cause disease not maisma or god
Joseph lister
Found the first antiseptic
Carbolic acid which he sprayed on medical equipment and other surgical things.
Took risk of infection from 46% to 15%
Robert Koch
Linked specific diseases to the microbes that caused them.
Did it by using a Petri dish, dye and the germs to test,
Found tb cholera and anthrax
- his finding help the developing of vaccines in the future
John snow
Claimed cholera was caused because of the water supply not bad smell
- he found an area in London where 700 people had died from cholera so tried finding Evidences
John snows findings and evidence
1) he cut of the tap to the water spout in the area of London and no one died
2) a women who lived far away died from the same outbreak, he found she was travelling to get water from this tap as she liked the taste
3) people in who were going to the local pub were not dieing as they were drinking beer instead of the water
Overall he disproved maisma and shown the true cause of chlorea
