Elizabethan England Flashcards

1
Q

royal court

A

a large group of people over 1000 who surrounded the queen

  • members were supposed to flatter the queen always
  • court activities included concerts, plays and jousting tournaments
  • she would travel England with her court called the royal progress
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2
Q

priviy council

A

around 20 men hand-picked by queen elizabeth with the roles of advising the queen and enforcing the queen’s policies.

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3
Q

Elizabeth and parliament

A

only called parliament 13 times in 44 years
- Elizabeth believed divine right

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4
Q

William Cecil

A

Elizabeth appointed Cecil as the Secretary of State in 1558. He was her most important minister
and guided her wisely for 40 years. In 1571 he received the title Lord Burghley.

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5
Q

Elizabeth marriage issues

A
  • foreign heir could bring her into wars such as marrying Phillip of pain would lead to joining a war against France
  • if she was to pick a member of the English nobility this may create anger and jealousy from those not chosen
    – she would lose her power as men ranked higher
  • cant marry a catholic
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6
Q

what caused poverty in Elizabethan time()

A

religious changes - Henry VIII had shut down monasteries which were vital in helping the poor

population growth the birth rate increased and death rate decreased leading to a natural increase in England, food production couldn’t keep up

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7
Q

Government Involvement towards poor()

A

usually, the rich or charities would help the poor but the problem exceeded that so Elizabeth introduced the poor laws

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8
Q

three kinds of poor

A

helpless poor - those who were unable to support themselves eg orphans disabled elderly

undeserving poor - people who could work but are lazy usually beggars and criminals

deserving poor - people who wanted to work but couldn’t find a job locally

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9
Q

Elizabeth golden age ()

A

member of the gentry and nobility became richer
-global trade improved due to expdations abroad
-

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10
Q

Elizabeth theatres

A

usally open stage with no roof
- the poorer people used to stand next to the stage
- while the richer would sit around in roofed space the higher you go the richer
- even some seats directly ontop of the stage to show power
- was good for all groups and cheap entertainment for the poor

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11
Q

john hawkins

A

a slave trader who made money for England
- developed a new ship that was faster lighter and able to withstand bad weather better
- creative creations like these helped England win war over spain

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12
Q

sir francis drake

A
  • circumnavigated the globe gaining lots of things to see such as gold silver and spices. able to connect new connections and steal and weaken Spanish forces.
  • leader of English navy aginst the Spanish armada
  • knighted by the queen
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13
Q

Walter Raleigh

A

a famous English sailor and privateer who was funded by Queen Elizabeth
- he was imprisoned for marrying one Elizabeth’s lady in waiting but was let out temporarily the lead a very successful attack on Spain

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14
Q

religious settlement

A

after years of religious change and it is a big cause of controversy for Elizabeth she aimed to promote protestant ways but did not wipe out being a catholic all together

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15
Q

act of supremacy

A

Elizabeth changed her name to supreme governor of English church
- this gave her control over the church without being called the “head this satisfied people who thought a woman couldn’t lead a church

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16
Q

act of uniformity

A

both passed in 1559

proteasnt
- the church was compulsory fines if not
- new book of common prayer issued
- all parishes had to copy of the bible in English

catholic
- the wording in the church kept vague to fit both religions
- church could keep some decorations
-allow to comment on catholic ideas at home

17
Q

northern rebellion cause

A

many northern nobles were catholic
Elizabeth confiscated a large amount of land from the earl of Northumberland
Elizabeth increased her power in the North and reduced nobles’ power
they didn’t like members of the privy council

18
Q

the north rebellion

A

The Duke of norfolk was set to marry Queen of scotts and be promoted to be heir of England
- this was uncovered and earls involved in the plan were executed
-however, in November 159 the earls captured Duhrahm where they celebrated a catholic mass
- they marched south before they met a large royal rm they fleed and over 400 people were executed

19
Q

growing catholic threat

A

treason act that everyone has to do except Elizabeth has rightfully ruler

1581
-fines for people who stayed loyal to the catholic church
-fines and prison sentences to those who attended catholic gatherings
- made it treason to convert to catholicism
- prison and death penalty for encouraging rebellions

20
Q

the ridolfi plot 1571

A

a rich Italian baker called Ridolfi planned to assassinate Elizabeth and make Mary Queen of Scots queen, he was supported by King Philipp and the Duke of Norfolk and mary

William Cecil uncovered the plot Ridolfi and the Spanish ambassador were arrested and expelled

21
Q

the Throckmorton plot

A

francis throckmorton a young catholic man organised a plan for a french army paid by king Phillip and the pope to imvade england

Throckmorton was excused and mary was moved to tutbury castle to be imprisoned and banned from visitors isolating her

22
Q

the Babington plot

A

Anthony Babington planned to rescue Mary from her imprisonment and murder Elizabeth although secret letters were decoded which gave the evidence Mary queen of Scotts were involved

mary finally executed

23
Q

Reasons for Spain war

A

Religion
Marriage
Conflicts during drakes circumnavigation
Plots

24
Q

Reasons for spainish loss

A

-England has long cannons ane could shout from a far
-Spain docked at the Netherlands leaving them vulnerable sending fire ships with gunpowder
-Spanish leader not experienced
-weather